随着芳纶纤维复合材料的应用日益广泛,不仅需要进行成形加工,还需要二次加工以保证后续精确配合、连接和装配的需要,这就对加工精度、效率和成本提出了相应要求. 二次加工多用切削加工,易出现翻边、分层、拉毛、抽丝、烧焦等加工缺陷,限制了该材料的进一步应用. 为拓展其用途,迫切需要全面展开芳纶纤维复合材料的二次加工技术研究. 阐述了芳纶纤维复合材料的组成、结构、性能特点和应用领域,并以此为依据论证了芳纶纤维复合材料的切削性能,分析了加工缺陷产生的原因. 综述了国内外芳纶纤维复合材料的二次加工现状,阐述了其加工机理和实验研究进展,包括芳纶纤维复合材料的典型加工工艺(如切削加工、铣磨、激光、超声、水射流等),以及对于切削力、表面质量、刀具磨损、切削变形、加工缺陷等方面的研究. 切削加工是实现芳纶纤维复合材料二次加工的成熟、高效方法,迫切需要开展一系列切削机理和试验研究.
With the wide application of aramid fiber composite material, the secondary cutting process, besides the forming process, is also necessary to ensure the accurate coordination, connection and assembly, which calls for corresponding require-ments of processing accuracy, efficiency and cost. There are some defects such as flanging, stratification, napping, spinning and burning processing defect in machining work during the secondary cutting, which limits the further application of the material. Therefore, it is urgent to carry out comprehensive researches on the secondary processing technology for aramid fiber composite to extent its application. This article introduced the composition, structure, properties and application fields of aramid fiber compo-sites, verified the cutting performance of the composites accordingly and analyzed the causes for the defects. This paper summarizedthe current status on the secondary processing of aramid fiber composites at home and abroad. The processing mechanism and the experimental research progresses were expounded, including machining, milling, laser, ultrasonic and water jet, as well as the re-searches on cutting force, surface quality, cutting tool wear, machining deformation, machining defects and so on. Cutting is a ma-ture and effective way for secondary machining of the aramid fiber composite materials with high precision. A series of researches on cutting mechanism and related experiments are still needed to carry out.
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