采用错流纳滤工艺开展了饮用水中苯系污染物的去除效能和纳滤运行特性的研究,考察了纳滤膜对苯、乙苯、邻二甲苯和间二甲苯的截留效果,研究了操作压力、浓水流量、离子浓度、进水温度和苯系污染物浓度等因素的影响.结果表明,随着操作压力和进水温度的升高,膜通量呈增加趋势;随浓水流量和离子浓度的升高,膜通量呈降低趋势;随着回收率、操作压力、离子浓度和进水温度的增加,纳滤膜的截留率均降低;随浓水流量和苯系污染物浓度的增加,纳滤膜的截留率升高,在所有试验条件下,纳滤膜对4种苯系污染物的截留率都介于86.56％～98.85％之间,出水中乙苯、邻二甲苯和间二甲苯含量均符合《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB5749-2006);进水苯含量低于0.1 mg/L时,出水苯含量能满足国标要求.通过研究投资和运行成本,确定出经济运行参数为回收率90％、操作压力0.6 MPa和浓水流量30 L/min.
Cross flow nanofiltration experimental device was used in the research to study the removal efficiency of benzene contaminants (benzene,ethylbenzene,o-xylene and m-xylene) in drinking water and running characteristics of nanofiltration.The effects of operation pressure,concentrated water flow rate,ion concentration,water inlet temperature,benzene series concentration and other factors were studied.The results showed that the membrane flux was improved with the increase of operation pressure and water inlet temperature,but it was decreased with the increase of concentrated water flow rate and ion concentration.The rejection rate of benzene,ethylbenzene,o-xylene and m-xylene were decreased when the recovery rate,operation pressure,ion concentration and water inlet temperature were increased.On the contrary,the rejection rate was improved with the increase of concentrated water flow rate and concentration of benzene contamination.Under all experimental conditions,the rejection rate of benzene series ranged from 86.56％ to 98.85％,and the contents of ethylbenzen,o-xylene and m-xylene accorded with standards for drinking water quality (GB 5749-2006).The benzene content of the effluent meet the GB requirement when the influent concentration lower than 0.1 mg/L.Taking investment and operating costs into consideration,the most economic operating parameters were determined that recovery rate is 90％,operation pressure is 0.6 MPa and concentrate flow rate is 30 L/min.
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