基于非平衡热力学用3个独立的膜特征参数(纯水渗透系数,反射系数和溶质渗透系数)分析在水力学压力驱动和渗透压驱动膜过程中溶剂水和溶质的传递现象.为了考察这些膜特征参数在两种不同驱动力驱动的膜过程中的一致性,用不同的方法确定同一张正渗透膜分离层的膜特征参数.首先,通过几种中性溶质在水力学压力驱动膜过程中的截留率确定膜特征参数.其次,使用相同的中性溶质作为渗透压驱动膜过程中的驱动溶质,通过实验得到溶剂水的体积通量和溶质的摩尔通量,结合通量数据和非平衡热力学模型,再次得出这几种溶质的膜特征参数.结果表明,两种方法得到的膜特征参数一致性较好.这有助于进一步理解渗透压驱动膜过程中的传递现象,以及它与水力学压力驱动膜过程的差别.
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