MXene是一种新型的二维过渡金属碳化物或碳氮化物,具有类似石墨烯的二维结构,其化学通式是Mn+1XnTz,n=1,2,3,其中M为早期过渡金属元素,X为碳或氮元素,T为表面链接的F-、OH-、O2-等活性官能团.通过化学液相法可以选择性蚀刻掉MAX相中的A元素得到相应的MXene相.现今较为成熟的制备方法是HF蚀刻法.对MXene的结构与性能进行的第一性原理计算表明,其具有独特的二维层状结构、较大的比表面积及良好的导电性、稳定性、磁性能和力学性能,已广泛应用于储能、催化、吸附等多处领域.本文综述了类石墨烯二维材料MXene的理论、制备和应用方面的研究进展,并对现有挑战和未来发展提出了建议.随着研究的进一步深入,MXene将被应用于更广泛的领域.
MXene is a new family of two-dimensional transition metal carbides or carbonitrides with graphene-like 2D morphology. The chemical formula of MXene is Mn+1XnTz, where M is an early transition metal, X is C and/or N, T stands for surface-terminating functional groups like F-, OH-, O2-,etc., andn = 1, 2, or 3. It can be achieved by selective etching of the A element from the MAX phases, and HF is an etchant mostly used. First-principles calcu-lations about MXene have been performed to reveal the structure and properties. MXene has also been found to have a unique two-dimensional layered structure, large specific surface area and good electrical conductivity, stabil-ity, magnetic and mechanical properties, and thus it is promising in many fields, including energy storage, catalysis and adsorption. This article reviews the quite recent progress of MXene based on theoretical and experimental considera-tions, especially its structure, synthesis, and applications. Finally, the suggestions about existing challenges and future de-velopments are proposed. MXene is expected to be used for more various applications with further extensive research.
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