为了提高钙钛矿太阳能电池在潮湿环境中的稳定性,采用一步法,通过在DMF中混合(EDA)I2、(FA)I和PbI2,将乙二胺离子引入钙钛矿晶格,成功制备了一种具有较高稳定性的二维片层状的钙钛矿结构薄膜.通过原位掠入射X射线衍射(GIXRD)、X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、紫外-可见吸收光谱(UV-Vis)和原子力显微镜(AFM)等方法检测分析(EDA)(FA)2[Pb3I10]在低湿度及高湿度环境下的结构、形貌以及光学性能变化.结果表明:制备的(EDA)(FA)2[Pb3I10]薄膜在相同湿度环境下比当前广泛应用于钙钛矿太阳能电池的甲胺铅碘薄膜(CH3NH3PbI3)稳定性更高;薄膜的光学带隙约为1.67 eV,与太阳能电池最佳带隙比较接近.另外,(EDA)(FA)2[Pb3I10]薄膜在可见光范围吸光性能较好;薄膜的粗糙度很小,适合制备太阳能电池,而且,成本较硅基太阳能电池低廉,在分子水平较CH3NH3PbI3的可调谐性更大,使钙钛矿太阳能电池在未来大面积应用成为可能.
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