铕掺杂钒酸钇(YVO4∶ Eu3+)作为常用的下转换发光材料一直受到广泛的关注和研究,但是YVO4∶ Eui3+的表面缺陷会严重影响材料的发光效率.为了进一步改善YVO4∶ Eu3+纳米粉体材料的粒度分布和形貌特点,在亚微米级别的SiO2微球表面涂覆一层YVO4∶ Eu3+,制成YVO4∶Eu3+@SiO2核-壳结构,得到单分散的球形YVO4∶ Eu3+下转换发光材料,实现YVO4∶ Eu3+的发光性能和SiO2球形特性的有机结合.研究发现,当壳核比为0.6时,YVO4∶Eu3+@SiO2核-壳结构材料的发光强度可达到纯纳米粉体材料发光强度的90%以上.将改性后的YVO4∶Eu3+@SiO2核-壳结构材料涂覆在硅基薄膜太阳电池上,可使电池的短路电流密度和转化效率分别由6.694 mA/cm2和9.40%提升至8.417 mA/cm2和10.15%,增益效果较为明显.实验结果表明,采用溶液法制备的YVO4∶Eu3+@SiO2纳米粉体材料由于具有形貌规则、团聚小和尺寸分布均匀等特点,可用作硅基薄膜太阳电池下转换发光层材料.
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