采用溶胶-凝胶法制备一系列环境友好型绿色近红外反射纳米颜料,结构通式为Y2Ba(2.x)CuxO5(x=0、0.25、0.50、0.75和1.0),通过X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、UV-vis-NIR分光光度仪和高精度分光测色仪对制备颜料的结构、形貌和光学性能进行了表征.研究结果表明,铜离子掺杂进入Y2Ba2O5晶格中,Y2Ba2O5晶粒尺寸由62.1 nm降低至54.7 nm.Cu2+取代Y2Ba2O5中的部分Ba2+,粉末颜色由白色变为绿色(a*-21.61),禁带宽度由2.30 eV减少到2.04 eV;粉末呈现不规则球形结构,粒径分布在150～300 nm范围内.掺杂Cu2+使粉末的近红外反射率降低,但Cu2+掺杂量为x=0.50时仍然表现出较高的近红外反射率(68.80％)和太阳光反射率(45.95％).因此,Y2Ba(2-x) CuxO5系列高近红外反射绿色粉末作为“冷”颜料在建筑涂料方面具有巨大的应用潜能.
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