双极板是质子交换膜燃料电池的重要组成部分,石墨与聚合物的复合材料双极板是目前研究的重要方向.采用模压热固化二步法,以酚醛树脂为粘结剂、天然鳞片石墨为导电骨料、炭黑为添加剂制备了质子交换膜燃料电池用复合材料双极板.系统研究了不同种类石墨对石墨/酚醛树脂复合材料电性能和抗弯强度的影响.结果表明:以天然鳞片石墨为导电原料时,所制备的石墨/酚醛树脂双极板的性能最好;添加导电炭黑能有效提高石墨/酚醛树脂复合材料的电导率;在复合材料制备中加入4wt%的碳纤维,碳纤维-石墨/酚醛树脂复合材料的抗弯强度提高了29%;碳纤维表面液相氧化处理能有效提高纤维与基体间的结合强度,随着处理时间的延长与处理温度的升高,碳纤维-石墨/酚醛树脂复合材料的电导率和抗弯强度都有很大程度的提高;最终固化温度主要影响酚醛树脂的交联程度,随着最终固化温度的升高,酚醛树脂的交联程度增加,电导率增大,但抗弯强度有一定程度减小.
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