为了仿生莲藕内部的贯穿大孔结构,以生物相容性好的壳聚糖(CS)作为基质材料,利用冰粒致孔、石蜡模具和冰模具成型3种成型方法制备了分级多孔CS支架材料,然后与力学强度较高的聚乳酸(PLLA)复合,制备网络互穿CS/PLLA复合支架.通过SEM、压缩强度测试和兔股骨髁骨缺损模型对CS/PLLA复合材料的形貌、力学强度和骨修复性能进行了表征.结果表明:利用冰模具制备的CS/PLLA复合支架能可控、批量制备,具有微米-毫米分级多孔结构,大孔孔径约为2 mm,内部均匀分布着孔径约为60 μm的贯穿微孔,并在微孔内形成密集的PLLA絮状网络结构.干态复合材料的压缩强度和模量分别比纯CS支架的提高了6倍和15倍.体内植入实验结果表明,CS/PLLA复合材料能够促进骨缺损的愈合,并随着新骨的形成,复合材料逐渐被降解吸收.
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