采用煤基还原熔分技术研究了熔分温度、熔分时间、氟化钙配比,煤粉配比对铜渣熔分后铁、铜回收率的影响,并运用 XRD及 SEM等分析手段对熔分产物进行了详细的研究。结果表明,在1380~1450℃之间进行熔分,通过对铁、铜的综合收得率计算,熔分温度应该控制在1430℃,在此基础上确定最佳熔分时间为20 min,此时金属铜的回收率达到最高,为90％左右。配入一定比例的煤粉和氟化钙均能提高铁的回收率,尤其以添加氟化钙的效果最好,适宜的添加比例不应超过2％(质量分数)。对分离后的渣铁分别进行表征分析,表明粒铁中的主要组织为铁素体和浮氏体,炉渣主要呈非晶态,其中夹杂有尚未凝聚的铁晶粒。最后,在最优条件下进行了转底炉半工业试验。
Effects of the temperature,time,the calcium fluoride ratio and coke ratio on the recovery percent of nug-gets and Cu were investigated by coal-based direct reduction process,and the melting products were analyzed by XRD and SEM.The results showed that the reduction temperature should be 1 430℃ when processed in the tem-perature range of 1 380-1 450℃,according to the calculation results of the recovery percent of iron and copper. The optimal reduction time was 20 min and the nuggets recovery percent is the highest,which was about 90%. Proper additions of pulverized coal and calcium fluoride could promote the recovery rate of nuggets,especially the latter,but the addition ratio should be no more than 2 mass%.The nuggets was mainly composed of ferrite and wustite and the slag was in amorphous state,composed of iron crystal grains which were not agglomerated.Final-ly,under the optimal conditions,rotary hearth furnace semi-industrial test was conducted.
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