σ相是不锈钢中常见的一种硬而脆的金属间相,它可在铸造、轧制、热处理以及焊接等过程中析出,显著影响不锈钢的力学性能.从冲击韧性、塑性、拉伸强度、高温蠕变以及耐磨性等方面综述了国内外关于σ相对不锈钢力学性能影响研究的状况,分析了σ相的影响机制,并提出了目前研究中存在的一些问题以及将来可能的研究方向.
During the processes of casting,rolling,heat-treatment and welding,σ phase,one of intermetallics,may pre-cipiate in stainless steels.It is characterized by hard and brittle and significantly affects the mechanical properties of stain-less steels.The effects of σ phase on the properties including toughness,ductility,tensile strength,creep,hardness and wear resistance of stainless steels were overviewed and the influence mechanisms of σ phase were also discussed.Mean-while,some problems of the present works and potential future researches were pointed out.
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