基于VOF界面追踪技术,建立了氧气转炉顶吹过程渣-金-气多相传输行为的数学模型,研究了渣-金-气三相界面行为,给出了渣/金界面特征的演化过程和熔池内流场变化特征,对冲击坑形态进行了具体的描述,并对穿透深度和冲击坑直径进行了定量化的表征.结果表明:由于冲击坑表面波的传播,冲击坑以及渣/金/气界面具有明显的瞬态特征且熔池是振荡的;钢液熔池内涡旋中心位置随着吹炼时间以及渣的运动而变化;低枪位加强了钢液表面的波动,增加了钢液表面的粗糙度,增大了射流与熔池的接触面积,从而有利于射流向熔池的动量传递,促进熔池的搅拌.
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