试验采用煤基直接还原熔分技术和热力学分析手段，对高铁铝土矿含碳球团在还原熔分过程中的渣相组成机理进行了研究。试验结果表明，渣系碱度对粒铁的收得率和粒铁尺寸以及渣系组成有重要影响。当碱度为1.00、2.00、3.85时，粒铁收得率分别为91.55%、44.53%和88.48%，粒铁尺寸分别为15.50、7.00和8.54 mm；熔分渣的相组成（质量分数）分别为55%A-34%CA6-6%C2AS-4%Fe、64%A-35%C2AS-2%Fe、24%C2S-62%C12A7-7%C2AS-4%C3AS3-3%Fe；当渣系碱度为3.85时，还原熔分渣系的组成主要为C2S和C12A7，两者质量分数约为85%；只有当混合物处在C2S到C12A7的渣线上或者渣线附近时（即R=3.85时），冷却析晶的平衡相中才会出现C2S和C12A7。
The smelting slag reaction mechanism was studied by thermodynamic analysis and coal-based direct reduction and smelting experiment. The experiment result shows that the slag basicity has an important influence on iron nuggets size,metal yield and slag composition. When the basicity were 1.00,2.00 and 3.85,the iron nuggets yield were 91.55%, 44.53%and 88.48%respectively,the iron nuggets size were 15.50,7.00 and 8.54mm respectively,and the smelting slag composition (mass percent) were 55%A-34%CA6-6%C2AS-4%Fe,64%A-35%C2AS-2%Fe and 24%C2S-62%C12A7-7%C2AS-4%C3AS3-3%Fe respectively. When the slag basicity was 3.85,the reduction smelting slag is mainly composed of C2S and C12A7,which mass percent is about 85%. Only when the mixture is close to the slag line of C2S-C12A7 ( R=3.85),the C2S and C12A7 will appear in the cooling crystallization equilibrium phase.
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