采用维氏硬度计、透射电镜和分离式霍普金森压杆等研究了不同温度(505~555 ℃)固溶1 h和180 ℃时效不同时间(2~20 h)对挤压态6013铝合金显微组织和动态力学行为的影响.结果表明:随固溶温度升高,合金硬度和动态变形时的真应力均先增大后降低,经545 ℃固溶后,硬度和真应力均最大;随时效时间延长,合金的硬度与真应力也是先升后降;经8 h时效后,合金中针状析出相的数量最多且分布均匀,合金的硬度和真应力均最大,且在较高应变速率(5 000 s-1)和较低应变速率(2 000 s-1)变形至真应变为0.2时的真应力差值最大,表现出明显的应变速率敏感性.
The effects of solid solution at different temperatures (505-555 ℃) for 1 h and aging at 180 ℃ for different times (2-20 h) on the microstructure and dynamic mechanical behavior of the extruded 6013 Al alloy were investigated by Vickers hardness tester, transmission electron microscope and split Hopkinson pressure bar.The results show that with the solid solution temperature increasing, the hardness and true stress of the alloy during dynamic deformation first increased then decreased.After solid solution at 545 ℃, both the hardness and the true stress were the largest.With the aging time increasing, the hardness and true stress of the alloy also first increased then decreased.After aging for 8 h, the number of needle-like precipitates in the tested alloy was the largest and the precipitates distributed evenly;the hardness and the true stress also reached the largest values;the difference value between true stresses at the true strain of 0.2 under relatively high (5 000 s-1) and relatively low (2 000 s-1) strain rates was the largest, showing an obvious strain rate sensitivity.
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