以纯铜粉、锆粉、AlN粉为原料,采用放电等离子烧结方法制备了AlN/Zr-Cu复合材料,研究了AlN含量(1%~20%,质量分数,下同)对该复合材料微观形貌、力学性能和摩擦磨损性能的影响,分析了其磨损机理.结果表明:细小的AlN颗粒在铜合金基体中呈弥散分布;当AlN含量为1%~15%时,复合材料较致密,当AlN含量增加到20%时,其组织疏松;随着AlN含量的增加,复合材料的显微硬度和抗压强度都呈现出先增大后减小的变化趋势,摩擦因数和磨损量均先减小后增大,磨损机理由黏着磨损向磨粒磨损、剥落磨损依次转变.
AlN/Zr-Cu composites were prepared with raw materials of Cu powder, Zr powder and AlN powder by the spark plasma sintering method.The effects of AlN mass fraction (1%-20%) on the micromorphology, mechanical properties, friction and wear property of the composite were studied, and the wear mechanism was analyzed.The results show that fine AlN particles dispersively distributed in the copper alloy matrix.With the AlN mass fractions of 1% to 15%, the composites were relatively dense while the microstructure was loose with the AlN mass fraction of 20%.With the increase of AlN content, the micro-hardness and compressive strength of the composites presented a trend of first increasing then decreasing, while the friction coefficient and abrasion loss first decreased then increased.The wear mechanism changed in the order of adhesive wear, abrasive wear and spalling wear.
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