采用焦磷酸盐镀铜工艺,利用自制的电镀装置对聚丙烯腈基长碳纤维进行连续镀铜改性,研究了镀液成分、电流密度、镀液温度与镀液pH等对镀层质量的影响规律,在此基础上对连续镀铜工艺进行了优化,并制得了性能较好的长碳纤维镀铜复合丝.结果表明:选择P2O4-7与Cu2+物质的量分数之比为7.0的镀液作为基础镀液,添加剂选择质量浓度为25 g·L-1的柠檬酸铵,在电流密度为2.0~2.5 A·dm-2、镀液温度约为40 ℃、镀液pH为8.2~8.8的电镀工艺条件下,制得的镀层完整,均匀致密,结合强度高,且长碳纤维镀铜复合丝的导电性能显著提高,解决了束状长碳纤维在连续镀铜工艺中易出现的"黑心"和"结块"问题.
Long PAN-based carbon fiber was surface-modified by pyrophosphate copper plating with self-made equipment.The influences of bath composition, current density, plating temperature and pH value of bath on quality of coating were systematically analyzed to optimize the continuous copper electroplating process parameters, and C/Cu composite fiber with better properties was prepared.The results indicate that the problem of black core and agglomeration were well solved by electroplating in a bath with content (mole fraction) ratio 7.0 of P2O4-7 to Cu2+ and 25 g·L-1 ammonium citrate as the additive under the conditions of current density of 2.0-2.5 A·dm-2, bath temperature of 40 ℃, and bath's pH of 8.2-8.8.The obtained coating is complete, uniform and compact, it also owns high bonding strength, and the C/Cu composite fiber obtains significantly enhanced conductivity.
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