随着特高压输电技术在我国的大力发展，铝合金导体材料作为特高压输电线路的主要组成部分，受到业内的广泛关注．本文采用电导率测试、硬度测试、金相显微镜和扫描电镜观察等手段，研究添加不同含量稀土Y对铸态Al－Zr耐热铝导体材料的影响．研究结果表明：Y元素和Fe、Si等杂质元素形成金属间化合物，可净化基体，改变杂质相的形态和分布，使其粒子化、球化和细化．Y元素在枝晶网络和晶界分布，从而细化晶粒和枝晶组织，但添加量达到0．5％时晶粒细化不均匀．当Y含量为0．2％时，电导率达到60％IACS；当Y含量为0．3％时，硬度达到最高值20．9HBS，且电导率并无明显下降．加入0．3％ Y可使耐热铝导体材料获得较好的综合性能．
With the development of ultrahigh?voltage transmission technology, aluminum conductors, which are important contents for ultrahigh?voltage transmission line, have attracted much attention recently. The microstructure and properties of as?cast heat?resistant Al-Zr conductor with different amounts of Y were studied by means of electrical resistivity measurement, hardness test, optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The results show that intermetallic compound containing Y and impurity Fe and Si are congregated along the grain boundary and dendritic boundary, which can purify the matrix and change the morphology of impurity phase. The Y atoms distributed on grain boundaries and dendrites increased the composition undercooling of the alloy. As a result, a significant grain refinement has been observed. Alloying of Y refines the grain and dendrite of Al-0.15Zr alloy. A proper addition of Y can improve the electrical conductivity and strength of the alloy. The electrical conductivity and strength of alloys reach the maximum values by adding 0. 2% and 0. 3% Y, respectively. As a result, the comprehensive property of the alloy would be improved by adding 0.3%Y.
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