分析了轨道交通车辆用盘形制动装置中闸片/制动盘组成的摩擦副的工作条件及其对材料的要求,介绍了铸铁闸片、树脂基闸片、铁基和铜基粉末冶金闸片的性能特点及适用领域,重点分析了粉末冶金闸片各组元的功能及摩擦磨损性能调控机制.基于制动盘热斑形成机理,阐明了闸片形状与排布对制动盘热源分布的影响规律.阐述了铸铁、铸钢、锻钢、金属基复合材料和C/C复合材料制动盘的研究进展,并指出了现代轨道交通刹车材料设计与制造的研究热点及研究方向.
The working conditions and requirements of the corresponding materials of the friction pair composed of brake pad and brake disc in disc brake device for rail transit vehicles are analyzed.The characteristics and application fields of cast iron,resin-based brake pad and powder metallurgy brake pads are summarized.The main focus is on the analysis of the functions of varied components in iron-based and copper-based powder metallurgy brake pads,as well as the key factors that determine their friction and wear performance.Based on the formation mechanism of hot spots on brake discs,the effect of shape and arrangement of brake pads on the heat distribution of brake disc is analyzed.Moreover,the development of cast iron,cast steel,forged steel,metal matrix composite,and C/C composite brake disc is elucidated briefly.Finally,the key research directions on the design and manufacture of the brake materials for modern rail transit are also proposed.
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