阴极保护是控制金属构件腐蚀的有效方法之一。随着阴极保护以及计算机技术的发展，数值模型在阴极保护体系设计和优化过程中得到了越来越广泛的应用。本文介绍了3种数值模型计算方法及有限元计算过程中边界条件的处理，综述了数值模型计算的发展现状以及面临的问题，阐述了有限元法和边界元法的优缺点。对比分析发现：边界元法可以使整个问题的维度降低一维，减少了计算量，提高精度，简化了建模过程。有限元法要求区域是有界的，可以对阴极保护体系进行三维分析，但计算量较大。边界元法适用于无限域、半无限域问题，有限元法的剖分灵活，更加适用于边界复杂以及求解域内电位场分布变化比较大的体系。在实际应用过程中，如何根据实际情况合理地采用有限元和边界元相结合的方法，发挥两种方法各自优点是阴极保护数值优化技术今后的一个发展方向。
Cathodic protection is one of the most effective method to control the corrosion of metal component. With the development of cathodic protection and computer technology, the numerical model has been widely used in the design and optimization of cathodic protection system. This paper introduces three kinds of numerical model calculation methods and the boundary conditions treatment in the finite element calculation. The advantages and disadvantages of the finite element method and the boundary element method are compared. The development and the problems of the numerical model are summarized, and the development trends of numerical calculation are also discussed in this paper. In the actual application process, how, to play the advantages of the finite element and boundary element methods by reasonable combination is a development direction of cathodic protection numerical optimization technology in the future.
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