以矸石电厂粉煤灰为研究对象，通过化学分析、X射线衍射分析、扫描电镜等分析其理化特征的基础上，采用正交试验研究了以活化的矸石电厂粉煤灰为主要原料的膏体充填材料的输送性能和强度特性，并采用扫描电镜对膏体充填材料在不同龄期下的微观结构进行了表征与分析。研究结果表明，灰胶比达到3∶1的充填材料料浆初始坍落度为200 mm，粘聚性和保水性好，静置泌水率3％，初凝时间大于5 h，符合泵送要求。充填材料脱模后的试件8 h能够自稳，3 d和28 d强度为1 MPa和10 MPa左右，满足采空区充填要求。采用活化的矸石电厂粉煤灰制备的膏体充填材料成本低、环保，能为矿区带来经济、社会和环境等效益。
The physical and chemical characteristics of gangue?combustion fly ash is characterized by the X?ray diffraction analysis, scanning electron microscope, chemical analysis, the delivery performance and strength characteristics of paste filling material are studied using activated gangue?combustion fly ash as main raw materials by orthogonal test method and the microstructure under different age of paste filling material is analyzed using the SEM. The results show that the packing material with the slurry initial slump 200 mm, the stewing bleeding rate 3% and initial setting time over 5 hours have a better cohesiveness and water?retaining property when the ratio of ash and cement is 3∶1, which can meet pumping requirement. The test?piece can be stable by itself after 8h, the strengths in 3 d and 28 d are 1 MPa and 10 MPa, which can satisfy the goaf filling requirement, respectively. The paste filling material prepared with activated gangue?combustion fly ash has the advantages of low cost and environment protection, which can take the various benefits such as economy、society and environment for mines.
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