小角X射线散射绝对强度的校正对获得样品微观结构定量参数非常重要.本文描述了一种通过对探测器直接测量入射光束的强度进行校正的方法.其适用性利用标准样品(水)的绝对散射强度标定进行了证实.将此方法应用到聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯乳液和高密度聚乙烯上,得到了相应散射体的体积分数和比表面积.PMMA的体积分数与通过密度算得的结果很接近.淬火的高密度聚乙烯的比表面积比缓慢降温的大.
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