基于具有三苯胺中心核、咔唑外围和四联苯连接臂的星型荧光小分子三(4""-(3,6-二叔丁基-咔唑-9氢-9-基)-(1,1′:4′,1"′:4"′:1"′:4"′,1""-四苯基)-4-基)胺(N5),采用溶液旋涂的方法制备了用于检测三硝基甲苯(TNT)饱和蒸汽的高效荧光传感薄膜.不同于具有单苯连接臂的模型化合物三(4'-(3,6-二叔丁基-咔唑-9氢-9-基)-(1,1'-二苯基)-4-基)胺(N2),N5由于长共轭臂的存在,容易在苯类溶剂中通过π-π相互作用组装形成凝胶.同时,其旋涂薄膜具有细小纳米级纤维状的组装形貌,表面出现一定的多孔结构,有利于气体分子的渗透.因此,应用于TNT蒸汽的检测,化合物N5薄膜表现出比N2薄膜更快的荧光淬灭响应速度和更高的淬灭效率.特别是TNT传感特性几乎不受化合物N5膜厚的影响,当膜厚为94 nm时,在1和30 min的淬灭程度仍然可以达到44％和90％.
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