以纳米硅粉为硅源,乙酸铜为铜纳米粒子前驱体,双官能团甲基丙烯酸酯单体为溶剂和碳源,利用热引发聚合方法,结合高温氩气气氛煅烧,原位可控合成硅/铜/碳纳米杂化材料,并通过后续不同气氛(空气或者空气结合氢气)、不同温度条件下热处理,进一步调控杂化材料中碳基质含量,达到改善单质硅负极材料循环性能、提高杂化材料导电性能的目的。采用粉末衍射(XRD)、能量弥散 X射线谱图(EDX)、热重分析实验(TGA)、扫描电镜(SEM)、电化学阻抗测试(EIS)以及锂离子电池循环性能测试等方法对杂化材料的结构、结晶、组成、形貌、导电性能以及锂电循环性能进行了较为系统的研究。研究结果表明,单质硅以及单质铜均匀分布在碳基质中；单质铜的形成有效提高了杂化材料的导电性；后期热处理能够进一步调控碳基质含量,从而使得杂化材料初始放电比容量从1156 mAh/g提高到1997 mAh/g,而循环性能得到一定程度保持。
A series of Si/Cu/C nanohybrids were synthesized using difunctional methacrylate monomer as sol-vent and carbon source,silicon nanoparticles as active matter,and copper acetate as precursor for copper element. Thermal polymerization was applied to form the polymer/Si/copper acetate composites,followed by high temperature calcination in argon,and annealing at moderate temperature in different atmosphere (air or air plus hydrogen).A se-ries of different characterization methods including XRD,EDX,SEM,TGA,EIS,and cyclic performance test were applied to investigate the composition,structure,crystallinity,morphology,electron conductivity,and cyclic per-formance in a systematic way.The results showed that both the silicon nanoparticles and the in situ formed copper particles were homogeneously dispersed in the carbon matrix.The formation of the copper particles effectively en-hanced the electron conductivity of the nanohybrid.The annealing process further adj usted the content of the carbon matrix,leading to the significant improvement of the initial specific capacity from 1156 mAh/g to 1997 mAh/g with moderate cyclic stability.
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