采用先驱体浸渍裂解法(即PIP法)制备出3种不同短切碳纤维(Csf)体积分数的圆柱形短切碳纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料(Csf/SiC复合材料)试件,通过高温加热装置和自组装功能的霍普金森压杆装置对试件进行高温和动态荷载耦合作用下的冲击压缩试验,并通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察Csf/SiC复合材料断口形貌,对试件的破坏形态进行分析.试验结果表明,采用PIP法制备的Csf/SiC复合材料试件中Csf分布均匀,在外应力作用下Csf/SiC复合材料试件发生破坏,碳纤维和碳纤维束与SiC基体脱粘被不断拔出.试件的抗压强度随C3f体积含量的增加而呈现先增加后减小的变化趋势,Csf体积含量为21％的试件抗压强度最高,为96.55MPa.与常温相比,在高温压缩试验中随着复合材料试件平均温度的升高,Csf /SiC复合材料试件破碎后的块度越来越大,整体性越来越好,当温度达到300℃时,Csf体积含量对Csf/SiC复合材料试件抗压强度的影响较小.
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