长链非编码RNA(lncRNA)是长度超过200 nt、不具有蛋白编码功能的转录本，它们在真核生物中发挥基因调控等重要作用。迄今为止，还没有检索到有关参与电离辐射应答的lncRNA研究报道。据推测，细胞暴露于电离辐射之后有些lncRNA的转录水平将发生变化。因此，采用2 Gy的X射线辐照HeLa细胞，辐照后4 h提取总RNA进行全序列测序。最终发现1028种lncRNA的转录水平发生了改变，其中包括381种新lncRNA。从中随机挑选24种lncRNA，用实时荧光定量PCR法验证了2 Gy的X射线或80 keV/μm碳离子束照射后的表达变化，发现其变化趋势和测序结果一致。此研究为电离辐射应答相关lncRNA的功能研究奠定了基础。
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a class of non-coding transcripts longer than 200 nt and po-tentially play important roles in eukaryotic gene regulation. However, the quantity, characteristics and expression pattern of lncRNAs responding to ionizing radiation remain largely unknown. We speculate that some lncRNAs participate in the induction of radiobiological effects and ionizing radiation changes their expression levels. In the present study, total RNAs of HeLa cells were isolated 4 h after exposure to 2 Gy of X-rays, and sequenced by lncRNA-seq technology. We identified 647 kinds of known lncRNAs and 381 kinds of novel non-coding sequences responding to ionizing radiation. Subsequently, we verified the expression of 24 lncRNAs after exposure to 2 Gy X-rays or 80 keV/μm carbon ions by using qRT-PCR.
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