材料期刊网

区域地球化学调查样品分析内容广泛，覆盖元素多，要求检测周期短，且样品中各元素含量变化大。作为地学实验工作者，在选择分析技术和方法时除了必须满足对分析质量要求外，还尽可能简便、快速和低成本、低污染。从分析方法检出限、准确度、精密度、线性范围、检测周期、化验成本以及对周围环境影响等方面，研究了AAS、ICPAES、ICPMS及XRF法测定1∶5万区域地质调查样品中的铜、铅、锌、锰4种元素的优缺点。通过方法实验表明：化验成本最低的是XRF法，每测试100个样品只需38．5元；分析效率最高的是ICPMS法，每测试300个样品需19 h；检出限最低的是ICPMS法，Cu 0．3μg/g、Pb 0．5μg/g、Zn 0．7μg/g、Mn 2．0μg/g；线性范围最宽的是ICPAES法，Cu 2～5000μg/g、Pb 15～5000μg/g、Zn 2～5000μg/g、Mn 13～5000μg/g；Cu准确度最高的是ICPAES法（Δlg w≤±0．062），Pb准确度最高的是XRF法（Δlg w≤±0．030），Zn准确度最高的是ICPMS法（Δlg w≤±0．022），Mn准确度最高的是XRF法（Δlg w≤±0．025）；Cu精密度最好的是ICPAES法（RSD≤6．32％），Pb精密度最好的是XRF法（RSD≤7．86％）， Zn精密度最好的是XRF法（RSD≤7．32％），Mn精密度最好的是XRF法（RSD≤6．75％）；环境污染最小的是XRF法。经综合比较，选用XRF法。

Sample analysis of regional geochemical survey deals with many factors ,covering a lot of elements ,and requires a short analysis cycle while the content of each element in the sample has a great range of changes .Earth sci-ence researchers should work simple ,fast,cost effective and envirommentally friendly in addition to meeting the re-quirements of analysis quality in the process of selecting analysis techniques and methods .In this paper ,according to the detection limit ,accuracy ,precision ,linearity range ,testing cycle ,analysis cost and impact on surrounding envrion-ment,the study judges the advantages and disadvantages of AAS ,ICP-AES,ICP-MS and XRF in determination of copper,lead,zinc and manganese in 1∶50 000 regional survey samples.Method experiment shows that XRF has the lowest cost,38.5 yuan per 100 test samples; ICP-MS has the highest efficiency,19 hours per 300 test samples;ICP-MS has the lowest detection limit ,Cu 0.3μg/g,Pb 0.5μg/g,Zn 0.7μg/g,Mn 2.0μg/g;ICP-AES has the widest linear range spectrum ,Cu 2 to 5 000 μg/g,Pb 15 to 5 000 μg/g,Zn 2 to 5 000 μg/g,Mn 13 to 5 000 μg/g;ICP-AES has the highest Cu accuracy ,Cu accuracy (Δlg w) ≤ ±0.062;XRF has the highest Pb accuracy ,Pb ac-curacy (Δlg w) ≤ ±0.030;ICP-MS has the highest Zn accuracy ,Zn accuracy (Δlg w) ≤ ±0.022;XRF has the highest Mn accuracy , Mn accuracy (Δlg w ) ≤ ± 0 .025; ICP-AES has the best Cu precision , Cu precision ( RSD) ≤6.32%;XRF has the best Pb precision ,Pb precision ( RSD) ≤7.86%;XRF has the best Zn precision , Zn precision (RSD) ≤7.32%;XRF has the best Mn precision,Mn precision (RSD) ≤6.75%;XRF has the least environmental pollution .After comprehensive comparison ,XRF is decided as the most preferable method .