This paper presents a 2.4 GHz hybrid integrated active circulator consisting of three power amplifiers and three PCB-based Wilkinson power dividers.The power amplifiers were designed and fabricated in a standard 0.35-μm AlGaN/GaN HEMT technology,and combined with three traditional power dividers on FR4 using bonding wires.Due to the isolation of power dividers,the isolation between three ports is achieved; meanwhile,due to the unidirectional characteristics of the power amplifiers,the nonreciprocal transfer characteristic of the circulator is realized.The measured insertion gain of the proposed active circulator is about 2-2.7 dB at the center frequency of 2.4 GHz,the isolation between three ports is better than 20 dB over 1.2-3.4 GHz,and the output power of the designed active circulator achieves up to 20.1-21.2 dBm at the center frequency.
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