An analysis of a surface emitting distributed-feedback quantum cascade laser (DFB QCL) based on a surface-plasmon waveguide is presented. The second-order grating realized by the sole patterning of the top metal provides strong feedback. The analysis is based on a coupled-mode theory derived from exact Floquet-Bloch solutions of the infinite periodic structure. The surface outcoupling efficiency and threshold gain for the optimized device design are 43% and 12 cm-1, respectively, which represent great improvements on the conventional dielectric waveguide based DFB QCL with typical values of 17.5% and 20 cm-1.
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