采用简单的微波辅助的方法成功制备了硫/膨胀石墨复合材料。膨胀石墨可以用作锂硫电池中阴极的微型容器及集流体。通过控制硫与膨胀石墨的配比成功控制了复合材料中硫颗粒的大小。当硫与膨胀石墨的比例为10∶1时，可以得到相对较均匀的硫颗粒。同时研究了不同条件下所制样品的锂硫电池性能。结果表明，硫的含量与硫颗粒的大小对锂硫电池的容量非常重要。当硫与膨胀石墨的比例为10∶1时，在0.1 C放电速率下，复合材料具有最高的放电容量1020 mAh·g-1。
Expanded graphite/sulfur(EG/S) composites were prepared by microwave irradiation of mixtures of sulfur and ex-panded graphite with S/EG ratios from 4∶1 to 12∶1. Sulfur was sublimed and entered the EG pores when the mixtures were heated and was condensed to form particles within the pores during cooling. The pores of the EG acted as microcontainers to host the sul-fur, and the material, with its interconnected and conductive pore walls, acted as a current collector for the cathode of the Li-S bat-tery. The size of sulfur particles in the EG pores could be controlled by the S/EG mass ratio. When the ratio is 10∶1, relatively uni-form size sulfur particles could be obtained. Both the S/EG ratio and the sulfur particle size have an important effect on the capacity increase of the Li-S battery. Using a composite with a S/EG ratio of 10∶1 as the cathode gives the highest capacity of 1 020 mAhg-1 at a rate of 0. 1 C.
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