材料期刊网

研究燃油储罐中产生的油泥转化为多孔炭材料的表征和可行性。油泥含有80%碳,主要以脂肪族化合物形式存在。经600℃热处理和KOH存在下的热化学裂解得到2种碳质材料。热化学处理可显著提高所制多孔炭的织构特性,即微孔和介孔结构。该多孔炭表面积、总孔容与微孔比表面积分别为327.95 m2·g-1、0.21 cm3·g-1和89.10 m2·g-1,其在水溶液中对Cd的吸附性能优于商业活性炭。油泥经热化学转化的多孔炭吸附剂能应用于污水处理,是一种转化废弃物的有效途径。

The production and disposal of large amounts of oil sludge are considered a most critical environmental issue in the petroleum industry. The possible conversion of oil sludge produced in a fuel oil storage tank to porous carbons by simple pyrolysis or KOH activation was investigated and the feasibility of their use to treat drinking water and to adsorb were evaluated. The oil sludge contains 80% of carbon and consists of mainly aliphatic compounds. The porous carbon obtained by KOH activation has a BET sur-face area, total pore volume and micropore surface area of 328. 0 m2·g-1 , 0. 21 cm3·g-1 and 289. 10 m2·g-1 , respectively, while that produced by pyrolysis has a much lower surface area of 3. 6 m2·g-1 . Although Cd, Cu, Zn, Mn, and Fe are enriched in the porous carbons compared with the oil sludge, their leaching in distilled water is low and below the allowed standard limits except for Cr which is close to the limit. The Cd adsorption removal rates for the KOH activated porous carbon and the pyrolysed one are 97. 36 and 77. 74%, respectively. The former is comparable to three commercial activated carbons under the same conditions. The recovery of the oil sludge through KOH activation to prepare porous adsorbents for waste water treatment can be suggested as an alternative to the conventional disposal methods.