以马铃薯淀粉为原料,通过空气中210 ℃稳定化、氮气中600 ℃炭化,制备了马铃薯淀粉基炭微球.其中,稳定化处理是制备过程中的关键步骤.利用热失重分析(TGA)、X-射线衍射(XRD)、X-射线光电子能谱(XPS)和差热扫描量热法(DSC),对其稳定化机理进行了研究;并利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对其形貌进行了表征.结果表明:当稳定化时间足够长时(如12 h),所制备的马铃薯淀粉基炭微球能够保持原淀粉的颗粒形态.这是由于在稳定化过程中,马铃薯淀粉中所含结晶水的失去导致了淀粉内微晶结构的破坏,使淀粉颗粒在进一步的炭化过程中不再发生微晶的熔融过程.
Carbon spheres perfectly retaining the original morphology of potato starch were prepared by a two-step process including stabilization under N2 atmosphere. In the process, stabilization treatment was the main step. The mechanism of stabilization was investigated by thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry, and the morphology of the carbon spheres was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results show that during stabilization, the loss of water and the occurrence of decomposition and condensation reactions result in the destruction of the crystallite structure in the original potato starch. Thus, during the carbonization step, further intermolecular cross-linking makes microcrystalline melting very difficult. This promotes the formation of monodispersed carbon spheres. The SEM results show that only if the potato carbonization, can the carbon spheres perfectly retain the original shape of the potato starch.
参考文献
| [1] | Vilas Ganpat Pol;Swai Vilas Pol;Jose M. Calderon Moreno .High yield one-step synthesis of carbon spheres produced by dissociating individual' hydrocarbons at their autogenic pressure at low temperatures[J].Carbon: An International Journal Sponsored by the American Carbon Society,2006(15):3285-3292. |
| [2] | Ruizhi Yang;Zhaoxiang Wang;Xuejie Huang;Liquan Chen;Xinping Qiu;Huairuo Zhnag .Monodispersed hard carbon spherules as a catalyst support for the electrooxidation of methanol[J].Carbon: An International Journal Sponsored by the American Carbon Society,2005(1):11-16. |
| [3] | Sharon M.;Yase K.;Ijima S.;Ando Y.;Zhao XL.;Mukhopadhyay K. .Spongy carbon nanobeads - A new material[J].Carbon: An International Journal Sponsored by the American Carbon Society,1998(5/6):507-511. |
| [4] | Huang, Haiyong;Remsen, Edward E.;Kowalewski, Tomasz;Wooley, Karen L. .Nanocages derived from shell cross-linked micelle templates[J].Journal of the American Chemical Society,1999(15):3805-0. |
| [5] | Vilas Ganpat Pol;Menachem Motiei;Aharon Gedanken .Carbon spherules: synthesis, properties and mechanistic elucidation[J].Carbon: An International Journal Sponsored by the American Carbon Society,2004(1):111-116. |
| [6] | Mi Y Z;Hu W B;Dan Y M et al.Synthesis of carbon micro-spheres by a glucose hydrothermal method[J].Materials Letters,2007,62(8-9):1194-1196. |
| [7] | Qing Wang;Hong Li;Liquan Chen;Xuejie Huang .Monodispersed hard carbon spherules with uniform nanopores[J].Carbon: An International Journal Sponsored by the American Carbon Society,2001(14):2211-2214. |
| [8] | Ma AL;Wang XM;Li TB;Liu XG;Xu BS .Characteristics of carbon microspheres and study on its adsorption isotherms[J].Materials Science & Engineering, A. Structural Materials: Properties, Misrostructure and Processing,2007(1/2):54-59. |
| [9] | Lubomira Tosheva;Julien Parmentier;Valentin Valtchev .Carbon spheres prepared from zeolite Beta beads[J].Carbon: An International Journal Sponsored by the American Carbon Society,2005(12):2474-2480. |
| [10] | Marques PT;Lima AMF;Blanco G;Laurindo JB;Borsali R;Le Meins JF;Soldi V .Thermal properties and stability of cassava starch films cross-linked with tetraethylene glycol diacrylate[J].Polymer Degradation and Stability,2006(4):726-732. |
| [11] | Ratnayake WS;Hoover R;Warkentin T .Pea starch: Composition, structure and properties - A review [Review][J].Starch: International Journal for the Investigation, Processing and Use of Carbohydrates and their Derivatives: Internationale Zeitschrift fur die Erforschung, Verarbeitung und Verwendung von Kohlenhydraten und deren Derivaten,2002(6):217-234. |
| [12] | Whistler R L;Bemiller J N;Paschall E F.Starch Chemistry and Technology[M].Orlando,Florida:Academic Press,1985:573-574. |
| [13] | Hajaligol M.;Kellogg D.;Waymack B. .Low temperature formation of aromatic hydrocarbon from pyrolysis of cellulosic materials[J].Fuel,2001(12):1799-1807. |
| [14] | Wim Thielemans;Mohamed Naceur Belgacem;Alain Dufresne .Starch Nanocrystals with Large Chain Surface Modifications[J].Langmuir: The ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids,2006(10):4804-4810. |
| [15] | HanGuo Xiong;ShangWen Tang;HuaLi Tang .The structure and properties of a starch-based biodegradable film[J].Carbohydrate Polymers: Scientific and Technological Aspects of Industrially Important Polysaccharides,2008(2):263-268. |
| [16] | Jayakody J;Lan H;Hoover R et al.Composition,molecular structure,and physicochemical properties of starch from two grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) cultivars grown in Canada[J].Food Chemistry,2007,105(01):116-125. |
| [17] | Hedley CL;Bogracheva TY;Wang TL .A genetic approach to studying the morphology, structure and function of starch granules using pea as a model [Review][J].Starch: International Journal for the Investigation, Processing and Use of Carbohydrates and their Derivatives: Internationale Zeitschrift fur die Erforschung, Verarbeitung und Verwendung von Kohlenhydraten und deren Derivaten,2002(6):235-242. |
| [18] | Zhang B S;Xu L H;Yang L S et al.Study of the melting characters of starch crystal[J].Journal of Zhengzhou Institute Technology,2001,21(04):15-18. |
- 下载量()
- 访问量()
- 您的评分：
-
10%
-
20%
-
30%
-
40%
-
50%