简要说明炭材料中的孔隙分类和特征后,就其孔隙调控方法及调控的重要性作了述评,首先评述了新近所知的常规活化工艺,而后展示了非活化处理的孔结构调控技术,诸如:模板法,PTFE脱氟,炭气凝胶,聚合物共混法,特定前躯体及制备条件选择等.提出了五类应用实例:CO2捕集、水蒸气吸/脱附、汽油蒸气吸附、超级电容器炭电极、重油吸附和回收等,进一步强调了炭材料孔隙结构凋控的重要性.
Techniques for controlling the pore structure and its importance in carbon materials are reviewed after a brief explanation on classification and characterization of pores. Recent understanding of conventional activation processes are reviewed and then pore structure control techniques without activation are shown, including the template method, deflu-orination of PTFE, carbon aerogels, polymer blend method, selection of specific precursors, and selection of preparation conditions. Five examples ate presented to show the importance of pore structure control in carbon materials, which in-cluded CO2 capture, water vapor adsorption/desorption, gasoline vapor adsorption, carbon electrodes for electric double layer capacitors, and heavy oil sorption and recovery.
参考文献
| [1] | Patrick J W.Porosity in Carbons[M].London:Edward Aronld,1995 |
| [2] | Marsh H;Diaz-Estebanez M A D.Physical adsorption and porosity in carbons[A].Alicante:Universidad de Alicante,2000:353-377. |
| [3] | Inagaki M.Porous carbons[M].Amsterdam:Elsevier Science,2000:124-145. |
| [4] | Kyotani T.Porous carbon[M].Amsterdam:Elsevier Science,2003:109-127. |
| [5] | Inagaki M;Kang F.Pore development in carbon materials[A].北京:清华大学出版社,2006:184-225. |
| [6] | BottaniEJ;TasconJMD.Adsorption by Carbons[M].Amsterdam:Elsevier Science,2008 |
| [7] | Enoki T;Suzuki M;Endo M.Graphite Intercalation Compounds and Applications[M].London:oxford University Press,2003 |
| [8] | Sing K S W;Everett D H;Haul R A W et al.Reporting physisorption data for gas/solid systems with special reference to the determination of surface area and porosity[J].Pure and Applied Chemistry,1985,57:603-619. |
| [9] | Gregg S J;Sing K S W.Adsorption,Surface Area and Porosity[M].London,UK:Academic Press,1982 |
| [10] | Hanzawa Y;Kaneko K.Gas adsorption[M].Amsterdam:Elsevier Science,2003:319-334. |
| [11] | Nishikawa K.Pore structure analyses of carbons by small-angle X-ray scattering[M].Amsterdam:Elsevier Science,2003:175-188. |
| [12] | Nishi Y;Iwashita N;Inagaki M.Evaluation of pore structure by mercury porosimeter[J].Tanso,2002(201):31-34. |
| [13] | Shiraishi M;Inagaki M.X-ray diffraction methods to study crystallite size and lattice constants of carbon Materials[M].Amsterdam:Elsevier Science,2003:161-173. |
| [14] | Iwashita N;Park CR;Fujimoto H et al.Specification for a standard procedure of X-ray diffraction measurements on carbon materials[J].CARBON,2004,42:701-714. |
| [15] | Donnet J B;Papirer E;WangW et al.The observation of activated carbons by scanning tunneling Microscopy[J].CARBON,1994,32:183-184. |
| [16] | Oshida K.;Matsubayashi K.;Takeuchi K.;Kobayashi S.;Endo M. Dresselhaus MS.;Dresselhaus G.;Kogiso K. .ANALYSIS OF PORE STRUCTURE OF ACTIVATED CARBON FIBERS USING HIGH RESOLUTION TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY AND IMAGE PROCESSING[J].Journal of Materials Research,1995(10):2507-2517. |
| [17] | Michio Inagaki;Taisuke Suwa .Pore structure analysis of exfoliated graphite using image processing of scanning electron micrographs[J].Carbon: An International Journal Sponsored by the American Carbon Society,2001(6):915-920. |
| [18] | Zheng YP;Wang HN;Kang FY;Wang LN;Inagaki M .Sorption capacity of exfoliated graphite for oils-sorption in and among worm-like particles[J].Carbon: An International Journal Sponsored by the American Carbon Society,2004(12/12):2603-2607. |
| [19] | Oshida K;Ekinaga N;Endo M.Pore analysis of isotropic graphite using image processing of optical micrographs[J].Tanso,1996(173):142-147. |
| [20] | Vignal V;Morawski A W;Konno H et al.Quantitative assessment of pores in oxidized carbon spheres using scanning tunneling micrioscopy[J].Journal of Materials Science,1999,14:1102-1112. |
| [21] | Inagaki M;Vignal V;Konno H et al.Effect of carbonization atmosphere and subsequent oxidation on pore structure of carbon spheres observed by scanning tunneling microscopy[J].Journal of Materials Science,1999,14:3152-3157. |
| [22] | Bourelle E;Konno H;Inagaki M .Structural defects created on natural graphite surface by slight treatment of oxygen plasma-STM observations-[J].Carbon,1999,37:2041-2048. |
| [23] | Bourelle E;Inagaki M;Kaburagi Y et al.The hillock formarion on the basal plane of graphite due to ion interaction[J].Synthetic Metals,2002,125:239-248. |
| [24] | M. Inagaki;N. Saji;Y.-P. Zheng .Pore development during exfoliation of natural graphite[J].炭素,2004(215):258-264. |
| [25] | Inagaki, M;Tashiro, R;Washino, Y;Toyoda, M .Exfoliation process of graphite via intercalation compounds with sulfuric acid[J].The journal of physics and chemistry of solids,2004(2/3):133-137. |
| [26] | Linares-Solano A;Lozano-Castello D;Lillo-Rodenas M A et al.Carbon activation by alkaline hydroxides Preparation and reactions,porosity and performance[J].Chemistry and Physics of Carbon,2008,30:1-62. |
| [27] | Mays T J.Active carbon fibers[A].Amsterdam:Pergamon,1999:95-118. |
| [28] | Nishikawa T;Inagaki M .Air oxidation of carbon spheres. I. Master curves of pore parameters[J].Adsorption Science & Technology,2005(10):827-837. |
| [29] | Inagaki M;Nishikawa T;Oshida K et al.Air oxidation of carbon spheres Ⅱ.Micropore development[J].Adsorption Science and Technology,2006,24:55-64. |
| [30] | Inagaki M;Suwa T .Nano-structure control in carbon spheres by air oxidation -Derivation of master curves-[J].Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals,2002,386:197-203. |
| [31] | Mahajan Om P;Yarzab R;Walker Jr P L .Unification of coal-char gasification reaction mechanisms[J].Fuel,1978,57:643-646. |
| [32] | Kasaoka S;Sakata y;Tong C .Kinetic evaluation of the reactivity of various coal chars for gasification with carbon dioxide in comparison with steam[J].Intl Chem Eng,1985,25:160-175. |
| [33] | Raghumathan K;Yang R Y K .Unification of coal gasification data and its applications[J].Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research,1989,28:518-523. |
| [34] | Kim M I;Yun C H;Kim Y J et al.Change in pore properties of phenol formaldehyde-based carbon with carbonization and oxidation conditions[J].Carbon,2002,40:2003-2012. |
| [35] | Michio Inagaki;Midori Sakanishi .Adsorption of Organic Molecules in Water onto Carbon Spheres Nanostructured by Air Oxidation[J].Adsorption Science & Technology,2003(6):587-595. |
| [36] | Sanada S;Suzuki M;Fujimoto K.Activated Carbon[M].Tokyo:Koudansha Press,1992 |
| [37] | 王立红,藤田 正仁,豊田 昌宏,(稻)垣 道夫.玻璃炭球的二步活化法--一种高活化收率的途径[J].新型炭材料,2007(02):102-108. |
| [38] | Kyotani T;Tsai L;Tomita A .Formation of ultrafine carbon tubes by using an anodic aluminum oxide film as a template[J].Chemistry of Materials,1995,7:1427-1428. |
| [39] | Takashi Kyotani;Takayuki Nagai;Sanjuro Inoue .Formation of new type of porous carbon by carbonization in zeolite nanochannels[J].Chemistry of Materials,1997(2):609-615. |
| [40] | Johnson S A;Bridgham E S;Ollivier P J et al.Effect of micropore topology on the structure and properties of zeolite polymer replicas[J].Chemistry of Materials,1997,9:2448-2458. |
| [41] | Rodriguez-Mirasol J.;Radovic LR.;Rodriguez JJ.;Cordero T. .Structural and textural properties of pyrolytic carbon formed within a microporous zeolite template[J].Chemistry of Materials,1998(2):550-558. |
| [42] | Ma ZX.;Tomita A.;Kyotani T. .Preparation of a high surface area microporous carbon having the structural regularity of Y zeolite[J].Physical chemistry chemical physics: PCCP,2000(23):2365-2366. |
| [43] | Zhixin Ma;Takashi Kyotani;Zheng Liu;Osamu Terasaki;Akira Tomita .Very High Surface Area Microporous Carbon with a Three-Dimensional Nano-Array Structure: Synthesis and Its Molecular Structure[J].Chemistry of Materials,2001(12):4413-4415. |
| [44] | Su FB;Zhao XS;Lv L;Zhou ZC .Synthesis and characterization of microporous carbons templated by ammonium-form zeolite Y[J].Carbon: An International Journal Sponsored by the American Carbon Society,2004(14):2821-2831. |
| [45] | Gasrsuch A;Klepel O .Synthesis of ordered carbon replicas by suing y-zeolite as template in a batch reactor[J].Carbon,2005,43:2330-2337. |
| [46] | Fabrice O.M.Gaslain;Julien Parmentier;Valentin P.Valtchev;Joel Patarin .First zeolite carbon replica with a well resolved X-ray diffraction pattern[J].Chemical communications,2006(9):991-993. |
| [47] | Wang A;Kang F;Huang Z et al.Preparation of natural zeolite templated carbon and its nanopore formation mechnalsm[J].CARBON,2007,45:2323. |
| [48] | Kyotani T;Orikasa H;Nishihara H.Synthesis of nano-carbons by using the template method[J].Tanso,2008(235):307-315. |
| [49] | Ohba T;Kaneko K .Internal surface area evaluation of carbon nanotube with GCMC simulation-assisted N2 adsorption[J].Journal of Physical Chemistry B,2002,106:7171-7176. |
| [50] | Kruk M;Jaroniec M;Ryoo R et al.Characterization of or dered mesoporous carbons synthesized using MCM-48 silicas as templates[J].Journal of Physical Chemistry B,2000,104:7960-7968. |
| [51] | Lee J S;Joo S H;Ryoo R .Synthesis of mesoporous silicas of controlled pore wall thickness and their replication to oredred nanoporous carbons with various pore dimensions[J].Journal of the American Chemical Society,2002,124:1156-1157. |
| [52] | Vix-Guterl C.;Saadallah S.;Vidal L.;Reda M.;Parmentier J.;Patarin J. .Template synthesis of a new type of ordered carbon structure from pitch[J].Journal of Materials Chemistry: An Interdisciplinary Journal dealing with Synthesis, Structures, Properties and Applications of Materials, Particulary Those Associated with Advanced Technology,2003(10):2535-2539. |
| [53] | Xia K;Gao Q;Jiang J et al.Hierarchial porous carbons with controlled micropores and mesopores for supercapacitor electrode materials[J].Carbon,2008,46:1718-1726. |
| [54] | Gorka J;Zawislak A;Chorea J et al.KOH activation of mesoporous carbons obtained by soft templating[J].Carbon,2008,46:1159-1174. |
| [55] | M. Inagaki;S. Kobayashi;F. Kojin .Pore structure of carbons coated on ceramic particles[J].Carbon: An International Journal Sponsored by the American Carbon Society,2004(15):3153-3158. |
| [56] | Morishita T;Suzuki T;Nishikara T.Preparation of porons carbons by the carbonization of the mixtures of the thermoplastic precursors with MgO[J].Tanso,2005(219):226-231. |
| [57] | Moriashita T;Suzuki T;Nishikawa T.Preparation of mesoporous carbons by carbonization of the mixtures of poly (vinyl alcohol) with magnesium salts[J].Tanso,2006(223):220-226. |
| [58] | T. Morishita;Y. Soneda;T. Tsumura .Preparation of porous carbons from thermoplastic precursors and their performance for electric double layer capacitors[J].Carbon: An International Journal Sponsored by the American Carbon Society,2006(12):2360-2367. |
| [59] | Morishita T;Ishihara K;Kato M.Mesoporous carbons prepared from mixtures of magnesium citrate with poly (vinyl alcohol)[J].Tanso,2007(226):19-24. |
| [60] | Takahiro Morishita;Kaori Ishihara;Masaya Kat .Preparation of a carbon with a 2 nm pore size and of a carbon with a bi-modal pore size distribution[J].Carbon: An International Journal Sponsored by the American Carbon Society,2007(1):209-211. |
| [61] | Michio Inagaki;Masaya Kato;Takahiro Morishita .Direct preparation of mesoporous carbon from a coal tar pitch[J].Carbon: An International Journal Sponsored by the American Carbon Society,2007(5):1121-1124. |
| [62] | Inagaki M;Morishita T;Tsumura T.Novel process to prepare porous carbons using MgO particles[M].Novel Development on Carbon Materials,2007:63-73. |
| [63] | Da-Wei Wang;Feng Li;Min Liu .3D Aperiodic Hierarchical Porous Graphitic Carbon Material for High-Rate Electrochemical Capacitive Energy Storage[J].Angewandte Chemie,2008(2):373-376. |
| [64] | Da-Wei Wang;Feng Li;Hui-Ming Cheng .Hierarchical Porous Nickel Oxide And Carbon As Electrode Materials For Asymmetric Supercapacitor[J].Journal of Power Sources,2008(2):1563-1568. |
| [65] | Da-Wei Wang;Feng Li;Gao Qing Lu .Synthesis and dye separation performance of ferromagnetic hierarchical porous carbon[J].Carbon: An International Journal Sponsored by the American Carbon Society,2008(12):1593-1599. |
| [66] | Jasta J;Dousek F P;Patzelova F P .Low temperature electrochemical preparation of carbon with a high surface area from polytetra fluoroehylene[J].Carbon,1975,13:377-380. |
| [67] | Doasek F P;Jansta J;Baldrian J .Reactivity of polymeric carbon chains reduced from poly (tetrafluoroethylene)[J].Carbon,1980,18:13-20. |
| [68] | Liang T T;Yamada Y;Yoshizawa N et al.Preparation of porous carbon by defluorination of poly(tetrafluoroethylene)and the effect of γ-irradiation on the polymer[J].CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS,2001,13:2933-2939. |
| [69] | Tanaike O;Yoshizawa N;Hatori H et al.Mesoporous carbon from poly(tetrafluoroethylene) defluorinated by sodium metal[J].Carbon,2002,40:457-459. |
| [70] | Tanalke O;Yoshizawa N;Hatori H et al.Preparation and characterization of porous carbons by defluorination of FIFE with alkali metals -Effect of alkali metals on the porous structure-[J].Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals,2002,388:459-464. |
| [71] | Osamu Tanaike;Hiroaki Hatori;Yoshio Yamada .Preparation and pore control of highly mesoporous carbon from defluorinated PTFE[J].Carbon: An International Journal Sponsored by the American Carbon Society,2003(9):1759-1764. |
| [72] | Yamada Y;Tanaike O;Shiraishi S.Preparation of porous carbon by deluorination of PTFE and its application to electric double layer capacitor[J].Tanso,2004(215):285-294. |
| [73] | Soshi Shiraishi;Daisuke Hiruma;Yoshikazu Onuma;Asao Oya;Tien-Tzu Liang;Yoshio Yamada .Preparation of porous carbon with defluorination of PTFE by radical anion[J].炭素,2000(195):395-399. |
| [74] | Pekala R W;Kong F M .Resorcinol-formaldehyde aerogels and their carbonized derivatives[J].Polymeric Preprints(American Chemical Society Division of Polymer Chemistry),1989,30:221-223. |
| [75] | Pekala R W;Alviso C T;Kong F M et al.Aerogels derived from multifunctional organic monomers[J].Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids,1992,145:90-96. |
| [76] | Fung A W P;Reynolds G A M;Wang Z H et al.Relationship between particle size and magnetoresistance in carbon aerogels prepared under different catalyst conditions[J].Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids,1995,186:200-206. |
| [77] | Reynolds G A M;Fung A W P;Wang Z H et al.The effects of extemal conditions on the internal structures of carbon aerogels[J].Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids,1995,188:27-33. |
| [78] | Reichenauer G.;Fricke J.;Pekala RW.;Emmerling A. .Microporosity in carbon aerogels[J].Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids: A Journal Devoted to Oxide, Halide, Chalcogenide and Metallic Glasses, Amorphous Semiconductors, Non-Crystalline Films, Glass-Ceramics and Glassy Composites,1998(1):210-214. |
| [79] | Hanzawa Y;Kaneko K;Yoshizawa N et al.The pore structure determination of carbon aerogels[J].Adsorption-Journal of the International Adsorption Society,1998,4:187-195. |
| [80] | Hanzawa Y;Kaneko K;Pekala R W et al.Activated carbon aerogels[J].Langmuir,1996,26:6167-6169. |
| [81] | Kaneko K;Hanzawa Y;Iiyama T et al.Cluster-mediated water adsorption on carbon nanopores[J].Adsorption-Journal of the International Adsorption Society,1999,5:7-13. |
| [82] | Kaneko K;Yang C K;Ohkubo T.Adsorption science and technology[M].Do D D.Singapore:World Sci,2000 |
| [83] | Mowla D;Do D D;Kaneko K .Adsorption of water vapor on activated carbon:A brief overview[J].Chemistry and Physics of Carbon,2003,28:229. |
| [84] | Bekyarova E.;Kaneko K. .Structure and physical properties of tailor-made Ce,Zr-doped carbon aerogels[J].Advanced Materials,2000(21):1625-1628. |
| [85] | Tamon H.;Mikami M.;Okazaki M.;Ishizaka H. .POROUS STRUCTURE OF ORGANIC AND CARBON AEROGELS SYNTHESIZED BY SOL-GEL POLYCONDENSATION OF RESORCINOL WITH FORMALDEHYDE[J].Carbon: An International Journal Sponsored by the American Carbon Society,1997(6):791-796. |
| [86] | Tamon H.;Araki T.;Okazaki M.;Ishizaka H. .Control of mesoporous structure of organic and carbon aerogels[J].Carbon: An International Journal Sponsored by the American Carbon Society,1998(9):1257-1262. |
| [87] | Tamon H.;Ishizaka H. .Porous characterization of carbon aerogels[J].Carbon: An International Journal Sponsored by the American Carbon Society,1998(9):1397-1399. |
| [88] | Tamon H;Ishizaka H;Yamamoto T et al.Preparation of mesoporous carbon by freeze drying[J].Carbon,1999,37:2049-2055. |
| [89] | Tamon H.;Yamamoto T.;Suzuki T.;Ishizaka H. .Influence of freeze-drying conditions on the mesoporosity of organic gels as carbon precursors[J].Carbon: An International Journal Sponsored by the American Carbon Society,2000(7):1099-1105. |
| [90] | Yamamoto T.;Suzuki T.;Tamon H.;Nishimura T. .Control of mesoporosity of carbon gels prepared by sol-gel polycondensation and freeze drying[J].Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids: A Journal Devoted to Oxide, Halide, Chalcogenide and Metallic Glasses, Amorphous Semiconductors, Non-Crystalline Films, Glass-Ceramics and Glassy Composites,2001(1/3):46-55. |
| [91] | Yamamoto T;Nishimura T;Suzuki T et al.Effect of drying conditions on mesoporosity of carbon precursors prepared by sol-gel polycondensation and freeze drying[J].Carbon,2001,39:2374-2376. |
| [92] | Yamamoto T;Nishimura T;Suzuki T et al.Effect of drying method on mesoporosity of resorcinol-formaldehyde drygel and carbon gel[J].Drying Technology,2001,19:1319-1333. |
| [93] | Kuwahara Y;Yano H;Kanematsu Y.Control and behaviors of resorcinol-acetaldehyde carbon cryogel porou structures as electrodes for electric double-layer capacitors[J].Tanso,2008(235):263-267. |
| [94] | Tao Y;Kanoh H;Kaneko K .ZSM-5 monolith of uniform mesoporous channels[J].Journal of the American Chemical Society,2003,125:6044-6045. |
| [95] | Tao Y;Kanoh H;Kaneko K .Uniform mesopore-donated deolite Y using carbon aerogel templating[J].Journal of Physical Chemistry B,2003,107:10974-10976. |
| [96] | Ozaki J;Endo N;Ohizumi W et al.Novel preparation method for the production of mesoporous carbon fiber from a polymer blend[J].CARBON,1997,35:1031-1033. |
| [97] | Sandou T;Ozaki J;Oya A.Preparation of nanocarbons using polymer blend technique[J].Tanso,2008(234):244-250. |
| [98] | Hulicova D.;Okabe K.;Koishi M.;Oya A.;Sato F. .An attempt to prepare carbon nanotubes by the spinning of microcapsules[J].Carbon: An International Journal Sponsored by the American Carbon Society,2001(9):1438-1442. |
| [99] | Hulicova D;Hosoi K;Kuroda S et al.Carbon nanotubes prepared by spinning and carbonizing fine core-sbell polymer microspheres[J].Advanced Materials,2002,14:452-455. |
| [100] | Takeichi T;Zuo M;Ito A .Preparation and properties of porous polyimide films[J].High Performance Polymers,1999,11:1-14. |
| [101] | Takeichi T;Yamazaki Y;Ito A et al.Preparation and properties of porous polyimide films prepared by the pyrolysis of poly(urethane-imide) films[J].Journal of Photopolymer Science and Technology,1999,12:203-208. |
| [102] | Tsutomu Takeichi;Yutaka Yamazaki;Min Zuo;Akihiro Ito;Akihiko Matsumoto;Michio Inagaki .Preparation of porous carbon films by the pyrolysis of poly(urethane-imide) films and their pore characteristics[J].Carbon: An International Journal Sponsored by the American Carbon Society,2001(2):257-265. |
| [103] | Tsutomu Takeichi;Yutaka Yamazaki;Taketo Fukui;Akihiko Matsumoto;Michio Inagaki .Preparation and characterization of porous carbonized films by the pyrolysis of poly (urethane-imide) films[J].炭素,2000(195):388-394. |
| [104] | M. Kijima;H. Tanimoto;H. Shirakawa .Poly(arylenebutadiynylene)s as high-yield carbonaceous precursor polymers[J].Synthetic Metals,2001(1/3):353-354. |
| [105] | M.Kijima;H.Tanimoto;H.Shirakawa;A.Oya;T.-T.Liang;Y.Yamada .Poly(phenylenebutadiynylene)s as an efficient carbonizing precursor[J].Carbon: An International Journal Sponsored by the American Carbon Society,2001(2):297-300. |
| [106] | Naoto Ohta;Yoko Nishi;Takahiro Morishita;Tetsuro Tojo;Michio Inagaki .Carbonization of aromatic polyimides and pore development in carbon films[J].炭素,2008(233):174-180. |
| [107] | Naoto Ohta;Yoko Nishi;Takahiro Morishita .Preparation of microporous carbon films from fluorinated aromatic polyimides[J].Carbon: An International Journal Sponsored by the American Carbon Society,2008(10):1350-1357. |
| [108] | Yury Gogotsi;Alexei Nikitin;Haihui Ye;Wei Zhou;John E. Fischer;Bo Yi;Henry C. Foley;Michel W. Barsoum .Nanoporous carbide-derived carbon with tunable pore size[J].Nature materials,2003(9):591-594. |
| [109] | A. Janes;L. Permann;M. Arulepp;E. Lust .Electrochemical characteristics of nanoporous carbide-derived carbon materials in non-aqueous electrolyte solutions[J].Electrochemistry communications,2004(3):313-318. |
| [110] | Yury Gogotsi;Ranjan K.Dash;Gleb Yushin;Taner Yildirim;Giovanna Laudisio;John E.Fischer .Tailoring of Nanoscale Porosity in Carbide-Derived Carbons for Hydrogen Storage[J].Journal of the American Chemical Society,2005(46):16006-16007. |
| [111] | Dash R K;Yushin G;Gogotsi Y .Synthesis,structure and porosity analysis of microporons and mesoporous carbon derived from zirconium carbide[J].Microporous and Mesoporous Materials,2005,86:50-57. |
| [112] | Inagaki M;Nishikawa T;Sakuratani K et al.Carbonization of kenaf to prepare highly-micropoms Carbons[J].CARBON,2004,42:890-893. |
| [113] | Chmiola J;Yushin G;Dash R K et al.Double-layer capacitance of carbide derived carbons in sulfuric Acid[J].Electrochemical and Solid-State Letters,2005,8:A357-A360. |
| [114] | Chmiola J;Yushin G;Dash R et al.Effect of pore size and surface area of carbide derived carbons on specific capacitance[J].Journal of Power Sources,2006,158:765-772. |
| [115] | Ito E;Yokoi T;Inagaki M.Preparation of porous carbons from cypress using super-heated steam Ⅱ.Pore structure of carbonized products[J].Tanso,2007(229):255-260. |
| [116] | Ito E;Kouchi I;Mozia S et al.Nanoporous carbons from cypress Ⅰ.Preparation and pore structure[J].NEW CARBON MATERIALS,2007,22:199-205. |
| [117] | Hatori H;Yamada Y;Shiraishi M et al.Carbon molecular sieve films from polyimide[J].Carbon,1992,30:305-306. |
| [118] | Hatori H;Yamada Y;Shiraishi.Modification of pore structure in carbon molecular sieve films prepared from polyimide[J].Tanso,1995(167):94-100. |
| [119] | Hatori H;Yamada Y;Shiraishi M .Preparation of macroporous carbon films from polyimide by phase inversion method[J].Carbon,1992,30:303-304. |
| [120] | Hiroaki Hatori;Hideyuki Takagi;Yoshio Yamada .Gas separation properties of molecular sieving carbon membranes with nanopore channels[J].Carbon: An International Journal Sponsored by the American Carbon Society,2004(5/6):1169-1173. |
| [121] | CowlardPC;LewisJC .Vitreous carbon -A new form of carbon[J].Journal of Materials Science,1967,2:507-512. |
| [122] | Klett J.;Romine E.;Walls C.;Burchell T.;Hardy R. .High-thermal-conductivity, mesophase-pitch-derived carbon foams: effect of precursor on structure and properties[J].Carbon: An International Journal Sponsored by the American Carbon Society,2000(7):953-973. |
| [123] | James W.Klett;April D.McMillan;Nidia C.Gallego;Timothy D.Burchell;Claudia A.Walls .Effects of heat treatment conditions on the thermal properties of mesophase pitch-derived graphitic foams[J].Carbon: An International Journal Sponsored by the American Carbon Society,2004(8/9):1849-1852. |
| [124] | Jiangjiang Zhu;Xinying Wang;Linfeng Guo .A graphite foam reinforced by graphite particles[J].Carbon: An International Journal Sponsored by the American Carbon Society,2007(13):2547-2550. |
| [125] | Mingxian Liu;Lihua Gan;Fengqi Zhao .Carbon foams prepared by an oil-in-water emulsion method[J].Carbon: An International Journal Sponsored by the American Carbon Society,2007(13):2710-2712. |
| [126] | Michio Inagaki;Takahiro Morishita;Akitoshi Kuno .Carbon foams prepared from polyimide using urethane foam template[J].Carbon: An International Journal Sponsored by the American Carbon Society,2004(3):497-502. |
| [127] | Inagaki M;Ohmura M;Tanaike O .Reversible water adsorption into carbonized polyimide films in ambient atmosphere[J].Carbon,2002,40:2502-2505. |
| [128] | Ohta N;Nishi Y;Morishita T et al.Preparation of microporous carbon foams for adsorption/desorption of water vapor in ambient air[J].New Carbon Materials,2008,23:216-220. |
| [129] | Takahashi Y.Intercalation and oligomerization of organic molecules in the interlayer nanospace of alkali metal-graphite intercalation compounds[J].Tanso,1993(160):301-308. |
| [130] | Pilliere H;Takahashi Y;Yoneoka T et al.Oligomerization process during the intercalation of ethylene in CSC24[J].Synthetic Metals,1993,59:191-199. |
| [131] | Noboru Akuzawa;Kazumasa Yamamoto;Yoichi Takahashi .Effect of inserted molecules on the electrical conductivity of CsC_24[J].Carbon: An International Journal Sponsored by the American Carbon Society,2001(2):300-303. |
| [132] | R. Matsumoto;Y. Takahashi;K. Watanabe .Behavior of unsaturated organic molecules in the nanospace of stage-2 cesium-graphite intercalation compounds[J].Synthetic Metals,2002(2):141-146. |
| [133] | Akuzawa N;Kunihashi Y;Sato Y;Tsuchiya K;Matsumoto R .Effect of sorbed molecules on the resistivity of alkali metal-graphite intercalation compounds[J].International Journal of Quantum Chemistry,2007(3):894-901. |
| [134] | Furdin G;Lagrange P;Herold A et al.Suscepdbilite magnetique des ternarires KC8 Hx (0 < x < 2/3)[J].Comptes Rendus,1976,282:C563-566[inFrench]. |
| [135] | Lagrange P;Herold A .Physisorption dhydrogane par les prodoits dinsertion du potassium darts les carbones imparfaitement organizes[J].Comptes Rendus,1975,281:C381-384[inFrench]. |
| [136] | Matsuo Y.;Niwa T.;Sugie Y. .Prepartion and characterization of cationic surfactant-intercalated graphite oxide[J].Carbon: An International Journal Sponsored by the American Carbon Society,1999(6):897-901. |
| [137] | Matsuo Y.;Sugie Y.;Hatase K. .Selective intercalation of aromatic molecules into alkyltrimethylammonium ion-intercalated graphite oxide[J].Chemistry Letters,1999(10):1109-1110. |
| [138] | S. Higashika;K. Kimura;Y. Matsuo;Y. Sugie .Synthesis and characterization of polyaniline-intercalated graphite oxides[J].炭素,1999(189):171-175. |
| [139] | Chung D D L .Exfoliation of graphite[J].Journal of Materials Science,1987,22:4190-4198. |
| [140] | Furdin G. .Exfoliation process and elaboration of new carbonaceous materials[J].Fuel,1998(6):479-485. |
| [141] | Inagaki M;Kang F Y;Toyoda M.Exfoliation of graphite via intercalation compounds[M].Amsterdam:Elsevier Science,2004:1-69. |
| [142] | Yoshida A;Hishiyama Y;Inagaki M .Exfoliation of vaporgrown graphite fibers as studied by scanning electron microscope[J].Carbon,1990,28:539-543. |
| [143] | M.Toyoda;A.Shimizu;H.Iwata;M.Inagaki .Exfoliation of carbon fibers through intercalation compounds synthesized electrochemically[J].Carbon: An International Journal Sponsored by the American Carbon Society,2001(11):1697-1707. |
| [144] | Toyoda M;Katoh H;Shimizu A et al.Preparation of intercalation compounds of carbon fibers and their exfoliation[J].NEW CARBON MATERIALS,2002,17:1-3. |
| [145] | Toyoda M;Kaburagi Y;Yoshida A et al.Accelerated graphitization of exfoliated carbon fibers[J].Carbon,2002,40:628-629. |
| [146] | Toyoda M;Katoh H;Shimizu A et al.Exfoliation of nitric acid intercalated carbon fibers:Effects of heat-treatment temperature of pristine carbon fibers and electrolyte concentration on the exfoliadon behavior[J].CARBON,2003,41:731-738. |
| [147] | Toyoda M;Sedlacik J;Inagaki M .Intercalation of formic acid into carbon fibers and their exfoliation[J].Synthetic Metals,2003,130:39-43. |
| [148] | Toyoda, M;Inagaki, M .Exfoliation of carbon fibers[J].The journal of physics and chemistry of solids,2004(2/3):109-117. |
| [149] | Inagaki M;Nakashima M .Irreversible adsorption of carbon dioxide gas on an activated carbon[J].Carbon,1992,30:1135-1136. |
| [150] | Inagaki M;Nakashima M.Adsorption-desorption behaviors of nitrogen and carbon dioxide gases into activated carbons[J].Tanso,1994(162):61-65. |
| [151] | Nakashima M.;Inagaki M.;Centeno TA.;Shimada S. .ON THE ADSORPTION OF CO2 BY MOLECULAR SIEVE CARBONS - VOLUMETRIC AND GRAVIMETRIC STUDIES[J].Carbon: An International Journal Sponsored by the American Carbon Society,1995(9):1301-1306. |
| [152] | Inagaki M;Sunahara M.Gas adsorption-desorption behavior of activated carbon spheres derived from phenol resin[J].Tanso,1998(183):146-150. |
| [153] | Inagaki M;Sunahara M;Shindo A et al.Effect of oxygen plasma treatment on gas adsorption behavior and surface structare of carbon spheres derived from phenol resin[J].Journal of Materials Research,1999,t4:3208-3210. |
| [154] | Kobori R;Ohba T;Suzuki T.Fine pore mouth structure of molecular sieve carbon with GCMC-assisted sapereritical gas adsorption analysis (in press)[J].Adsorption-Journal of the International Adsorption Society |
| [155] | C. Pevida;T.C. Drage;C.E. Snape .Silica-templated melamine-formaldehyde resin derived adsorbents for CO2 capture[J].Carbon: An International Journal Sponsored by the American Carbon Society,2008(11):1464-1474. |
| [156] | Hanzawa Y.;Kaneko K. .LACK OF A PREDOMINANT ADSORPTION OF WATER VAPOR ON CARBON MESOPORES[J].Langmuir: The ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids,1997(22):5802-5804. |
| [157] | Johnson P J;Setsuda D J;Williams R S.Aelivated carbon for automotive applications[A].Amsterdam:Pergamon,1999:235-268. |
| [158] | Conway B E.Electrochemical Supercapacitors Scientific Fundamentals and Technological Applications[M].New York:Kluwer Academic Publishers,1999 |
| [159] | Shiraishi S.Electric double layer capacitors[M].Amsterdam:Elsevier Science,2003:447-457. |
| [160] | Shiraishi S;Kurihara H;Tsubota H et al.Electric double layer capacitance of highly porous carbon derived from lithium metal and polytetrafuluoroethylene[J].Eiectrochem Solid State Lett,2001,4:A5-A8. |
| [161] | Elzbieta Frackowiak;Francois Beguin .Carbon materials for the electrochemical storage of energy in capacitors[J].Carbon: An International Journal Sponsored by the American Carbon Society,2001(6):937-950. |
| [162] | Shi H .Activated carbons and double layer capacitance[J].Electrochimica Acta,1996,41:1633-1639. |
| [163] | Lihong Wang;Masahito Fujita;Michio Inagaki .Relationship between pore surface areas and electric double layer capacitance in non-aqueous electrolytes for air-oxidized carbon spheres[J].Electrochimica Acta,2006(19):4096-4102. |
| [164] | Wang L;Toyoda M;Inagaki M .Dependence of electric double layer capacitance on pore surface areas of activated carbons[J].New Carbon Materials,2008,23:111-115. |
| [165] | Wang L;Inagaki M;Toyoda M.Contributions of micropore and mesoporc in carbon electrodes to electric double layer ca pacitance[J].Microporous and Mesoporou Solids |
| [166] | Wang L;Toyoda M;Inagaki M.Performance of asymmetric electric double layer capacitors-Predominant contribution of the negative electrode (in press)[J].Adsorption Science and Technology |
| [167] | Toyoda M;Aizawa J;Inagaki M .Sorption and recovery of heavy oil by using exfoliated graphite[J].Desalination,1998,ll5:199-201. |
| [168] | Toyoda M;Moriya K;Aizawa J et al.Sorption and recovery of heavy oils by using exfoliated graphite.Part Ⅰ:Maximum sorption capacity[J].Desalination,2000,128:205-211. |
| [169] | Inagaki M;Konno H;Toyoda M et al.Sorption and recovery of heavy oils by using exfoliated graphite.Part Ⅱ:Recovery of heavy oil and recycle of exfoliated graphite[J].Desalination,2000,128:213-218. |
| [170] | Inagaki M;Shibata K;Setou S et al.Sorption and recovery of heavy oils by using exfoliated graphite.Part Ⅲ:Trials for practical application[J].Desalination,2000,128:219-222. |
| [171] | Tryba B.;Kalenczuk R.J. .Studies of Exfoliated Graphite (EG) for Heavy Oil Sorption[J].Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals Science and Technology.Section A.Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals,2000(0):113-119. |
| [172] | Toyoda M.;Inagaki M. .Heavy oil sorption using exfoliated graphite - New application of exfoliated graphite to protect heavy oil pollution[J].Carbon: An International Journal Sponsored by the American Carbon Society,2000(2):199-210. |
| [173] | Inagaki M;Toyoda M;Iwashita N et al.Exfoliated graphite for spilled heavy oil recovery[J].Carbon Science (Korea),2001,2:1-8. |
| [174] | Inagaki M;Kawahara A;Konno H .Sorption and recovery of heavy oils using fir fibers carbonized and their recycle[J].Carbon,2002,40:105-111. |
| [175] | Tsumura T.;Kojitani N.;Umemura H.;Toyoda M.;Inagaki M. .Composites between photoactive anatase-type TiO2 and adsorptive carbon[J].Applied Surface Science: A Journal Devoted to the Properties of Interfaces in Relation to the Synthesis and Behaviour of Materials,2002(1/4):429-436. |
| [176] | Michio Inagaki;Masahiro Toyoda;Norio Iwashita .Sorption, Recovery and Recycle of Spilled Heavy Oils Using Carbon Materials[J].炭素,2002(201):16-25. |
| [177] | Michio Inagaki;Akihiro Kawahara;Yoko Nishi;Norio Iwashita .Heavy oil sorption and recovery by using carbon fiber felts[J].Carbon: An International Journal Sponsored by the American Carbon Society,2002(9):1487-1492. |
| [178] | Toyoda M;Nishi Y;lwashita N et al.Sorption and recovery of heavy oils by using exfoliated graphite.Part Ⅳ:Discussion on high oil sorption of exfoliated graphite[J].Desalination,2002,151:139-144. |
| [179] | Nishi Y;Dai G;lwashita N0 et al.Evaluation of sorption behavior of heavy oil into exfoliated graphite by wicking method[J].Material Scientific Research International,2002,8:243-248. |
| [180] | Nishi Y;Iwashita N;Sawada Y et al.Sorption kinetics of heavy oil into porous carbons[J].Water Research,2002,36:5029-5036. |
| [181] | Michio Inagaki;Akihiro Kawahra;Hidetaka Konno .Recovery of heavy oil from contaminated sand by using exfoliated graphite[J].Desalination: The International Journal on the Science and Technology of Desalting and Water Purification,2004(1):77-82. |
| [182] | MASAHIRO TOYODA;MICHIO INAGAKI .Sorption and Recovery of Heavy Oils by Using Exfoliated Graphite[J].Spill science & technology bulletin,2003(5/6):467-474. |
| [183] | Inagaki M;Toyoda M;Iwashita N.Sorption of viscous organics by macroprous carbon[M].Amsterdam:Elsevier Science,2008:711-734. |
| [184] | Inagaki M;Nishi Y;Iwashita N et al.Mechanism of heavy oil sorption into porous carbons[J].Fresenius Environmental Bulletin,2004,13:183-189. |
| [185] | Toyoda M;Iwashita N;Inagaki M .Sorption of heavy oils into carbon materials[J].Chemistry and Physics of Carbon,2008,30:177-234. |
| [186] | Tryba B;Morawski A W;Inagaki M .Exfoliated graphite as a new sorbent for removal of engine oils from wastewater[J].Spill Sci Tech Bull,2003,8:569-571. |
| [187] | Inagaki M;Nagata T;Suwa T et al.Sorption kinetics of various oils onto exfoliated graphite[J].NEW CARBON MATERIALS,2006,21:97-101. |
| [188] | Shen W;Wen S;Cao N et al.Expanded graphite -A new kind of biomedical material[J].Carbon,1999,37:356-358. |
| [189] | 康飞宇,郑永平,兆恒,王海宁,王鲁宁,沈万慈,稻垣道夫.膨胀石墨对重油和生物体液的吸附-来自中国的研究[J].新型炭材料,2003(03):161-173. |
上一张
下一张
上一张
下一张
计量
- 下载量()
- 访问量()
文章评分
- 您的评分：
-
10%
-
20%
-
30%
-
40%
-
50%