石油沥青在氮气氛中420℃热缩聚7h,制得软化点为295℃的炭纤维前驱体沥青.此前驱体沥青在单孔纺丝器中熔纺获得沥青纤维.将沥青纤维于空气中320℃稳定化处理,最后在氮气流中1000℃炭化制成炭纤维.应用SEM、TGA、FTIR和XRD对石油沥青、前驱体沥青、沥青纤维、预氧化纤维和炭纤维分别进行表征.发现:前驱体沥青中含有质量分数70.5%中间相组分,炭纤维具有径核结构,其最大抗拉强度为650MPa.
A petroleum pitch was heated at 420 ℃ for 7 h in nitrogen to prepare a carbon fiber precursor with a softening point of 295 ℃. The precursor was successfully melt-spun into fibers through a circular nozzle of a monofilament spinning apparatus, and these were then stabilized at 320 ℃ in air and finally carbonized at 1000 ℃ in nitrogen to produce carbon fibers. SEM, TGA, FT-IR, and XRD were performed to characterize the petroleum pitch, the precursor, the asspun fibers, the stabilized fibers, and the carbon fibers. It is found that the precursor contains 70.5% mass fraction of mesophase that is aligned upon spinning, and aliphatic side chains that are beneficial to spinning. The carbon fibers have a radial core structure with a linear and bent type anisotropic texture. The maximum tensile strength of the carbon fiber is 650 MPa.
参考文献
| [1] | Rebouillate S;Peng J C;Donnet J B.Carbon fibers applications[M].New York,USA:Marcel Dekker,Inc,1998:463-540. |
| [2] | Deborah D L C.Carbon Fiber Composites[M].Boston:Butterworth Heinmann,1994:116. |
| [3] | Peebles L H.Carbon Fibers Formation,Structure and Properties[M].New York:crc Press,1998:3-42. |
| [4] | Dyer J;Daul G C.Rayon Fibers[M].New York,USA:Marcel Dekker,Inc,1998:725-801. |
| [5] | Oberlin A;Bonnamy S;Lafdi K.Structure and texture of carbon fibers[M].New York,USA:Marcel Dekker,Inc,1998:85-159. |
| [6] | Otani S;Okuda K;Matsuda H S.Carbon Fiber[M].Tokyo:Kindai Henshu,1983:231. |
| [7] | Maeda T;Zeng S M;Tokumitsue K et al.Preparation of isotropic pitch precursors for general purpose carbon fibers (GPCF) by air blowing-Ⅰ.Preparation of spinnable isotropic pitch precursor from coal tar by air blowing[J].Carbon,1993,31(03):407-412. |
| [8] | Mdada T;Zeng S M;Tokumitsue K .Preparation of isotropic pitch precursors for general purpose carbon fibers (GPCF) by air blowing-Ⅱ.Air blowing of coal tar,hydrogenated coal tar,and petroleum pitches[J].Carbon,1993,31(03):413-419. |
| [9] | Mdada T;Zeng S M;Tokumitsue K .Preparation of isotropic pitch precursors for general purpose carbon fibers (GPCF) by air blowing-Ⅲ.Air blowing of isotropic naphthalene and hydrogenated coal tar pitches with addition of 1,8-dinitronaphthalene[J].Carbon,1993,31(03):421-426. |
| [10] | Wang CY.;Wu YL.;Guo CT.;Li MW. .Preparation and microstructure of hollow mesophase pitch-based carbon fibers[J].Carbon: An International Journal Sponsored by the American Carbon Society,1998(12):1749-1754. |
| [11] | Park S H;Yang K S;Soon Y S et al.Preparation of partial mesophase pitch-based carbon fiber from FCC-DO[J].Carbon Science,2001,2(02):99-104. |
| [12] | Watanabe Fumitaka;Ishida Sumihito;Korai Yozo;Mochida Isao;Kato Isao .Pitch-based carbon fiber of high compressive strength prepared from synthetic isotropic pitch containing mesophase spheres[J].Carbon: An International Journal Sponsored by the American Carbon Society,1999(6):961-967. |
| [13] | Brooks J D;Taylor G H.The formation of some graphitizing carbons[A].London:Edward Arnold,1968:243-286. |
| [14] | Nazem F F .Flow of molten mesophase pitch[J].CARBON,1982,20(04):345-354. |
| [15] | I. PASUK;C. BANCIU;A.M. BONDAR;G.A. RIMBU;I. ION;I. STAMATIN;I. MORJAN;I. VOICU;I. SANDU .INFLUENCE OF SOME CARBON NANOSTRUCTURES ON THE MESOPHASE PITCH DEVELOPMENT - A STRUCTURAL STUDY[J].Romanian reports in physics,2004(3):361-368. |
| [16] | Edie D D;Dunham M G .Melt spinning pitch-based carbon fibers[J].Carbon,1989,27(05):647-655. |
| [17] | Edie D D;Diefendorf R J.Carbon fiber manufacturing[A].New Jersey:Noyes Publications Park Ridge,USA,1993:19. |
| [18] | Matsumoto T .Mesophase pitch and its carbon fibers[J].Pure and Applied Chemistry,1975,57(11):1553-1557. |
| [19] | Yang K S;Young O C;Kim Y M et al.Preparations of carbon fibers from precursor pitches synthesized with coal tar or petroleum residue oil[J].FIBERS AND POLYMERS,2000,1(02):97-102. |
| [20] | Mochida I.;Takano N.;Fortin F.;Korai Y.;Yokogawa K.;Yoon SH. .MICROSTRUCTURE OF MESOPHASE PITCH-BASED CARBON FIBER AND ITS CONTROL[J].Carbon: An International Journal Sponsored by the American Carbon Society,1996(8):941-956. |
| [21] | Guillen M D;Iglesias M J;Domingues A et al.Fourier transform infrared study of coal tar pitches[J].Fuel,1995,74(11):1595-1598. |
| [22] | Liedtke V.;Huttinger KJ. .MESOPHASE PITCHES AS MATRIX PRECURSOR OF CARBON FIBER REINFORCED CARBON .1. MESOPHASE PITCH PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION[J].Carbon: An International Journal Sponsored by the American Carbon Society,1996(9):1057-1066. |
| [23] | Akrami H A;Yardim M F;Akar A et al.FT-IR characterization of pitches derived from Avgamasya asphaltite and RamanDin er heavy crude[J].Fuel,1997,76(14/15):1389-1394. |
| [24] | E.Apak;M.F.Yardim;E.Ekinci .Preparation of carbon fibre precursors from the pyrolysis and copyrolysis of Avgamasya asphalite and Goynuk oil shale: vacuum distillation and hexane extraction[J].Carbon: An International Journal Sponsored by the American Carbon Society,2002(8):1331-1337. |
| [25] | Arshad Hussain Wazir,Lutfullah Kaka Khail,Ghosia Lutfullah,Imtiaz Ahmad.煤焦油沥青制备中间相[J].新型炭材料,2003(04):281-285. |
| [26] | Takaku A;Shioya M .X-ray measurements and the structure of polyacrylonitrile-and pitch-based carbon fibers[J].Journal of Materials Science,1990,25(11):4873-4879. |
上一张
下一张
上一张
下一张
计量
- 下载量()
- 访问量()
文章评分
- 您的评分：
-
10%
-
20%
-
30%
-
40%
-
50%