具有等离子体效应的贵金属Au和Ag等常被用于修饰半导体光催化剂.非贵金属Bi成本低,来源丰富,最近被报道可以直接作为等离子体光催化剂应用于空气中NO净化.为了进一步提高Bi单质的光催化活性,需对其进行改性.SiO2的禁带宽度过大,不能单独作为光催化剂,但它的稳定性好,比表面积大,因而常作复合材料用于提高光催化剂的反应效率、稳定性及对反应物的吸附能力.目前,尚未见SiO2修饰Bi单质的相关报道.本文通过溶剂热法制备了SiO2@Bi微球,并对其微结构进行了表征,对光催化氧化NO的反应过程进行了原位漫反射红外光谱(DRIFTS)分析,揭示了Bi–O–Si键在提升SiO2@Bi光催化氧化NO性能中的作用机制.结果显示,用SiO2纳米颗粒修饰Bi球,形成的Bi–O–Si键作为热电子传输通道,能显著提高Bi单质光催化氧化去除NO的能力.扫描电镜、透射电镜、傅里叶变换红外光谱和X射线光电子能谱等表征结果表明,SiO2纳米颗粒负载于Bi球上,且SiO2@Bi内形成了Bi–O–Si键.作为光生热电子的传输通道,Bi–O–Si键能促进光生电子的转移和载流子的分离,提高活性自由基?OH和?O2?的产量,增强SiO2@Bi在紫外光下等离子体光催化氧化NO的能力.自由基捕获测试(ESR)表明,SiO2@Bi在光催化反应中产生的?OH和?O2?数量均明显高于单质Bi在反应中形成自由基的数量.原位DRIFTS发现,Bi–O–Si键能快速转移光生电子,从而有利于NO→NO2→NO3?反应的进行.此外,SiO2@Bi的比表面积变大,因而对NO的吸附能力增强,同时促进了光催化反应.本文揭示了SiO2@Bi等离子体光催化性能增强的微观机制和光催化氧化NO的反应机理,为Bi基光催化剂的改性和应用提供了新的认识.
The semimetal Bi has received increasing interest as an alternative to noble metals for use in plas-monic photocatalysis. To enhance the photocatalytic efficiency of metallic Bi, Bi microspheres modi-fied by SiO2 nanoparticles were fabricated by a facile method. Bi–O–Si bonds were formed between Bi and SiO2, and acted as a transportation channel for hot electrons. The SiO2@Bi microspheres exhibited an enhanced plasmon-mediated photocatalytic activity for the removal of NO in air under 280 nm light irradiation, as a result of the enlarged specific surface areas and the promotion of elec-tron transfer via the Bi–O–Si bonds. The reaction mechanism of photocatalytic oxidation of NO by SiO2@Bi was revealed with electron spin resonance and in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy experiments, and involved the chain reaction NO→NO2→NO3-with?OH-and?O2-radicals as the main reactive species. The present work could provide new insights into the in-depth mechanistic understanding of Bi plasmonic photocatalysis and the design of high-performance Bi-based photocatalysts.
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