本文综述了Au用于乙炔氢氯化反应的研究历史、最新研究进展及商业化进程。讨论了使用不同前驱体和添加第二金属助剂等方法对催化剂性能的改进,探讨了活性金物种的性质。尽管HgCl2会导致环境污染等问题,但全球大量聚氯乙烯(PVC)的生产仍采用HgCl2作为催化剂。由于中国计划未来几年内将不再使用Hg生产PVC,因此急需探索替代催化剂。数十年来人们普遍认为Au是该过程的最佳替代催化剂,这主要是因为与其他金属相比,金催化剂的选择性更高。
In this review we discuss the history of research into the use of gold for the acetylene hydrochlorin‐ation reaction, and describe the recent developments which have led to its commercialisation. We discuss the use of different precursors and the addition to gold of a secondary metal as methods which attempt to improve these catalysts, and consider the nature of the active gold species. The vast majority of poly vinyl chloride (PVC) produced globally still uses a mercuric chloride as a cata‐lyst, despite the environmental problems associated with it. Due to the agreement by the Chinese government to remove mercury usage in the PVC industry over the course of the next few years there is an obvious need to find a replacement catalyst;the potential use of gold for this process has been well known for several decades and to date gold seems to be the best candidate for this, pri‐marily due to its superior selectivity when compared to other metals.
参考文献
| [1] | Gang Qin;Yuhan Song;Rui Jin.Gas-liquid acetylene hydrochlorination under nonmercuric catalysis using ionic liquids as reaction media[J].Green chemistry,20116(6):1495-1498. |
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