将一系列酸性、碱性和中性的功能化离子液体用于催化甘油和尿素合成甘油碳酸酯。结果表明，中性离子液体表现出更高的催化活性。离子液体阳离子和阴离子的协同效应促进了反应的进行，离子液体阳离子的正电性活化尿素，阴离子的负电性活化甘油，并且催化剂酸碱位点的平衡对催化反应过程也有一定的影响。此外，离子液体可以实现回收利用至少五次，且催化活性基本不变。采用功能化离子液体替代传统金属催化剂，减少了不可再生资源的利用，且所用原料为廉价易得的生物基原料，过程中也不使用有机溶剂，环境友好。
Acidic, basic and neutral ionic liquids (ILs) have been used as catalysts in the carbonylation of glyc‐erol with urea. The results show that neutral ILs have high catalytic activity in the reaction. The excellent performance of the catalysts can be attributed to the synergistic effect of the cation and anion. We speculated that the cation with positive charge activates urea, and the anion with nega‐tive charge activates glycerol. In addition, the well balanced acid‐basic properties of the catalysts are necessary for good catalytic performance. The ILs can be reused at least five times without loss of activity. Using ILs, instead of the traditional metal catalysts, reduces the use of non‐renewable re‐sources. It is eco‐friendly that two inexpensive and bio‐based raw materials were used and the catalytic reaction was carried out without solvent.
{"currentpage":1,"firstResult":0,"maxresult":10,"pagecode":5,"pageindex":{"endPagecode":5,"startPagecode":1},"records":[{"abstractinfo":"为实现
泵车重防腐精饰涂装,根据整车外形特点、生产状况和现有涂装条件,对涂装生产线进行了系统设计.介绍了工艺平面布置、物流、关键工艺、环保和消防安全措施等.通过对传统工艺的优化满足了
泵车产品发展的需要.经过现场运行,证明了设计的可行性和良好效果.","authors":[{"authorName":"马青山","id":"529f2f0a-38fb-4ab3-a808-79c070845bc8","originalAuthorName":"马青山"},{"authorName":"王涛","id":"b93f66eb-1c68-492f-9b0b-048c0923d04f","originalAuthorName":"王涛"}],"doi":"","fpage":"791","id":"6c3f391b-89a7-43aa-bf57-f50b34ef1126","issue":"18","journal":{"abbrevTitle":"DDYTS","coverImgSrc":"journal/img/cover/DDYTS.jpg","id":"21","issnPpub":"1004-227X","publisherId":"DDYTS","title":"电镀与涂饰 "},"keywords":[{"id":"5ce7e013-bf1c-4b87-83e1-adb62326fbe5","keyword":"
混凝土泵车","originalKeyword":"混凝土泵车"},{"id":"6cb61acc-95ef-4f63-8663-31b797689292","keyword":"生产线","originalKeyword":"生产线"},{"id":"e2c76179-4fd6-4894-a8da-02983f27f1ba","keyword":"涂装","originalKeyword":"涂装"},{"id":"57354d0b-dc93-4c7f-91ed-8eec331bc4bb","keyword":"工艺设计","originalKeyword":"工艺设计"}],"language":"zh","publisherId":"ddyts201418006","title":"
混凝土泵车整机涂装工艺研究","volume":"33","year":"2014"},{"abstractinfo":"基于管流流动基本理论,对金川有色金属公司充填膏体的水平环形试验管路流动阻力进行了理论分析.为了检验理论分析结果的正确性和试验外加剂在减少膏体
泵送阻力上的作用,在现场约90 m的水平环形管路中进行了由
混凝土泵驱动的充填膏体输送阻力试验.结果表明:该充填膏体可以划归为宾汉姆流变体,用基于宾汉姆流变体理论的公式能够预计膏体输送过程中的
泵压损失;提供试验的
泵送外加剂能够显著地降低膏体的
泵送阻力.","authors":[{"authorName":"方理刚","id":"a49f3cab-39c9-4d3d-ac1f-a4c27496c949","originalAuthorName":"方理刚"}],"doi":"","fpage":"676","id":"af04c0a3-bbb8-4513-8e6a-2e4f72ca2734","issue":"4","journal":{"abbrevTitle":"ZGYSJSXB","coverImgSrc":"journal/img/cover/ZGYSJSXB.jpg","id":"88","issnPpub":"1004-0609","publisherId":"ZGYSJSXB","title":"中国有色金属学报"},"keywords":[{"id":"1952a027-626a-49e5-9bd5-3f986a517286","keyword":"膏体","originalKeyword":"膏体"},{"id":"c2110a79-a184-442e-9113-fb262d582606","keyword":"
泵送","originalKeyword":"泵送"},{"id":"6bcf3e83-d000-43b8-aca3-3f0f07ef2c0f","keyword":"减阻","originalKeyword":"减阻"}],"language":"zh","publisherId":"zgysjsxb200104029","title":"膏体
泵送特性及减阻试验","volume":"11","year":"2001"},{"abstractinfo":"采用P.O 42.5级水泥、高吸水性树脂、聚羧酸系高效减水剂、粉煤灰等原料配制了强度等级是C50的高流态
泵送
混凝土,浇筑成型后试块直接堆放在湿度为60％、平均温度为15℃的环境中进行了自然条件下的养护.试验分别测定新拌
混凝土的坍落度和1h坍损,以及不同龄期
混凝土的力学性能,并利用SEM等方法对水泥石微观结构的进行了分析.试验结果表明,0.10％～0.14％掺量的高吸水性树脂能显著改善大掺量高效减水剂(掺量为1.0％时)引起的
混凝土泌水和坍损过大的现象；且高吸水性树脂的掺入完全能实现
混凝土在自养护条件下强度的发展,1y龄期的、高吸水性树脂掺量0.18％以上的自养护试件强度可达85 MPa以上.SEM结果表明,高吸水性树脂吸水后呈胶态均匀分布在
混凝土中,完全释水干燥后形成片状薄膜均匀分布在水化硅酸钙中.","authors":[{"authorName":"孙婧","id":"b6a7b561-c93e-444a-ad8c-4f10ce428a9d","originalAuthorName":"孙婧"},{"authorName":"元敬顺","id":"9d37df23-efc2-476f-a322-c15d3b3f3a9f","originalAuthorName":"元敬顺"},{"authorName":"刘宏波","id":"76f13855-eff1-4fbf-9a19-8b0fb4cb2dbc","originalAuthorName":"刘宏波"},{"authorName":"白润山","id":"7cf52551-dc31-4cd0-ad25-95498ed66986","originalAuthorName":"白润山"},{"authorName":"丛晓红","id":"eab82e28-1e26-44d9-be8e-832c3c7aa792","originalAuthorName":"丛晓红"}],"doi":"","fpage":"623","id":"f0e7aa51-47a0-40f8-a8b2-e44feb4a8650","issue":"4","journal":{"abbrevTitle":"GSYTB","coverImgSrc":"journal/img/cover/GSYTB.jpg","id":"36","issnPpub":"1001-1625","publisherId":"GSYTB","title":"硅酸盐通报 "},"keywords":[{"id":"7b14f03a-e904-4b89-a088-e31ec3c597bd","keyword":"
泵送
混凝土","originalKeyword":"泵送混凝土"},{"id":"fff69fff-2aee-4975-8b42-2c5c7d6d2d0e","keyword":"高吸水性树脂","originalKeyword":"高吸水性树脂"},{"id":"0496cc19-0617-4768-a1bf-859db0cff1c6","keyword":"坍落度","originalKeyword":"坍落度"},{"id":"b56a34c0-ffff-424b-826f-c4ea68a57205","keyword":"自养护","originalKeyword":"自养护"},{"id":"a5f66c7d-9056-45a6-85e0-fe95f5129921","keyword":"不同龄期","originalKeyword":"不同龄期"}],"language":"zh","publisherId":"gsytb201304016","title":"不同龄期的高流态自养护
泵送
混凝土性能的试验研究","volume":"32","year":"2013"},{"abstractinfo":"伴随着预拌
混凝土的普及应用,
混凝土坍落度由于经失损失造成搅拌
车不能正常卸料、
泵送或密实成型的现象时有发生,从而影响施工效率和
混凝土质量.本文通过对两个品种、2种不同掺量减水剂的对比试验,分析了减水剂的品种和掺量对预拌
混凝土坍落度、扩展度以及抗压破坏荷载值经时损失的影响.试验结果表明,聚羧酸系减水剂较奈系减水剂有更好的水泥适应性,且掺量少、减水率高、
混凝土坍落度及扩展度经时损失少.","authors":[{"authorName":"孙庆巍","id":"7726370d-0bef-4fb0-a095-b81d0234f9fc","originalAuthorName":"孙庆巍"},{"authorName":"周梅","id":"4187157b-d452-482f-a0f7-28f557edec4d","originalAuthorName":"周梅"},{"authorName":"陈健","id":"f2731401-d33b-423d-b64b-7c5b44df3c86","originalAuthorName":"陈健"}],"doi":"","fpage":"469","id":"ad828e59-d8d6-4184-994d-677ee5928b39","issue":"2","journal":{"abbrevTitle":"GSYTB","coverImgSrc":"journal/img/cover/GSYTB.jpg","id":"36","issnPpub":"1001-1625","publisherId":"GSYTB","title":"硅酸盐通报 "},"keywords":[{"id":"d44b686a-27c6-414e-86cf-fed147ff2fe9","keyword":"粉煤灰","originalKeyword":"粉煤灰"},{"id":"57fd9749-b237-4caa-99b9-d9a32dfe7d53","keyword":"矿粉","originalKeyword":"矿粉"},{"id":"f3217f07-4304-4578-8195-439e92d526f6","keyword":"减水剂","originalKeyword":"减水剂"},{"id":"4555a3cb-d944-41b2-bf0e-f24468b863d8","keyword":"坍落度","originalKeyword":"坍落度"},{"id":"e4cba3d4-a7db-4391-8127-6a7011b681e6","keyword":"经时损失","originalKeyword":"经时损失"}],"language":"zh","publisherId":"gsytb201202050","title":"减水剂的品种和掺量对预拌
混凝土坍落度/扩展度经时损失的影响","volume":"31","year":"2012"},{"abstractinfo":"随着预拌
混凝土应用的普及,
混凝土塌落度由于经失损失造成搅拌
车不能正常卸料、
泵送或密实成型的现象频频发生.本文通过试验分析了掺与未掺减水剂的粉煤灰
混凝土中,粉煤灰掺量对预拌
混凝土塌落度、扩展度经时损失的影响.针对运距不同,给出了
混凝土拌合物不同停放时间段粉煤灰的最佳掺量,希望对实际工程有指导作用.","authors":[{"authorName":"周梅","id":"9b212d10-35af-4e65-b2f0-2be5a203c89f","originalAuthorName":"周梅"},{"authorName":"白金婷","id":"4114fb8f-2816-4212-a251-81d48844ffb9","originalAuthorName":"白金婷"},{"authorName":"唱志勇","id":"1dffe33d-9ca7-43e2-8478-d8056bd08fad","originalAuthorName":"唱志勇"}],"doi":"","fpage":"187","id":"c5fbcdfd-8443-471c-8492-1d9da1ad405a","issue":"1","journal":{"abbrevTitle":"GSYTB","coverImgSrc":"journal/img/cover/GSYTB.jpg","id":"36","issnPpub":"1001-1625","publisherId":"GSYTB","title":"硅酸盐通报 "},"keywords":[{"id":"64ee6b45-4548-4ecd-9539-5fc4ccffc21e","keyword":"粉煤灰","originalKeyword":"粉煤灰"},{"id":"e87ecbde-189b-4cc3-a416-dac072685088","keyword":"预拌
混凝土","originalKeyword":"预拌混凝土"},{"id":"619c7680-f4b0-477f-b42b-5688afced0ad","keyword":"塌落度","originalKeyword":"塌落度"},{"id":"57826c42-9455-4e20-9c7c-65180bcdab25","keyword":"经时损失","originalKeyword":"经时损失"}],"language":"zh","publisherId":"gsytb201201041","title":"粉煤灰掺量对预拌
混凝土塌落度/扩展度经时损失的影响","volume":"31","year":"2012"},{"abstractinfo":"双色
车属于特殊颜色车身,其外表面颜色通常在2种以上.精益的双色
车生产工艺不仅能提高车身外观质量,而且能降低能耗及单车成本.本文对双色
车生产工艺作了详细的介绍,包括色漆和清漆的第一、第二遍喷涂以及中涂遮蔽打磨等工艺流程.","authors":[{"authorName":"张辉","id":"b4b5ab7d-53b5-480a-9f9f-8e3fbd95f211","originalAuthorName":"张辉"}],"doi":"","fpage":"68","id":"ba3f79af-2a61-4045-b9a6-cb50f7be28e1","issue":"10","journal":{"abbrevTitle":"DDYTS","coverImgSrc":"journal/img/cover/DDYTS.jpg","id":"21","issnPpub":"1004-227X","publisherId":"DDYTS","title":"电镀与涂饰 "},"keywords":[{"id":"3cb44ae3-12e6-437e-a7f2-4f6f6d9ca828","keyword":"双色
车","originalKeyword":"双色车"},{"id":"694e40ae-1caf-4323-9079-70681cd8a935","keyword":"涂装","originalKeyword":"涂装"},{"id":"5a087ec9-8932-4e96-9584-fc0f8718f50b","keyword":"打磨","originalKeyword":"打磨"},{"id":"bdf9e67c-368f-4000-9c0f-0cf2612878fa","keyword":"色漆","originalKeyword":"色漆"},{"id":"2d337d34-359b-48c8-aa0b-bdf2d6b53012","keyword":"清漆","originalKeyword":"清漆"}],"language":"zh","publisherId":"ddyts201010018","title":"涂装双色
车生产工艺","volume":"29","year":"2010"},{"abstractinfo":"本文通过对某型
车用加温器风机进行CFD模拟计算,研究了风机工作性能.风机叶片布置的不合理造成了较大的攻角损失,同时在槽道内形成大尺度槽道旋涡,造成较大的总压损失,以及出口周向等方向上的不均匀.风机流道的设计对风机性能产生了较大的影响,通过改变出口后面空腔的大小,可以一定程度上改善流动,降低总压损失.","authors":[{"authorName":"秦臻","id":"6a8d3d86-a997-49a3-8911-bcaa8cd27899","originalAuthorName":"秦臻"},{"authorName":"郑文涛","id":"9f343e28-0a18-473f-8633-75aa4805aa2e","originalAuthorName":"郑文涛"},{"authorName":"李雪松","id":"26e7753f-c672-4a2b-9bf9-a11afa1a70d8","originalAuthorName":"李雪松"},{"authorName":"顾春伟","id":"7be6a9f3-f9e4-4bd9-a699-615f2b24de7f","originalAuthorName":"顾春伟"}],"doi":"","fpage":"1860","id":"2e1235a1-126f-40df-a7cf-dc21e5648033","issue":"10","journal":{"abbrevTitle":"GCRWLXB","coverImgSrc":"journal/img/cover/GCRWLXB.jpg","id":"32","issnPpub":"0253-231X","publisherId":"GCRWLXB","title":"工程热物理学报 "},"keywords":[{"id":"8802f2a2-267d-48a3-bbbe-b30cac8e2d55","keyword":"加温器","originalKeyword":"加温器"},{"id":"080c7ee7-e469-4f94-9e0e-8d3c51c198a6","keyword":"风机","originalKeyword":"风机"},{"id":"cbbb6476-a927-4a2a-9b9b-2f318a9b6884","keyword":"性能","originalKeyword":"性能"}],"language":"zh","publisherId":"gcrwlxb201310015","title":"
车用加温器风机性能研究","volume":"34","year":"2013"},{"abstractinfo":"通过理化性能检测及扫描电镜、X射线衍射方法对某双螺杆
泵断裂
泵轴进行了分析研究。结果表明。主轴断裂为外表面腾蚀坑处起源的腐蚀疲劳断裂，主轴断裂导致结构失衡，从而造成螺旋套瞬断；输送介质含腐蚀介质（硫化氢）以及长期扭转运动是导致
泵轴断裂的主要原因。","authors":[{"authorName":"韩燕","id":"1031eac7-f9d3-4568-a714-b56a5fd24b77","originalAuthorName":"韩燕"},{"authorName":"李金凤","id":"fd59254b-0dc6-45b4-821f-4c6ce9cc7231","originalAuthorName":"李金凤"},{"authorName":"尹成先","id":"61fa187d-53e3-4d85-b3cf-ee51c5d218e6","originalAuthorName":"尹成先"},{"authorName":"路彩虹","id":"6e74663f-dab7-49f5-89be-2c2316e5be31","originalAuthorName":"路彩虹"}],"doi":"","fpage":"829","id":"de899545-3d07-4a44-84d2-327a0ab11744","issue":"9","journal":{"abbrevTitle":"FSYFH","coverImgSrc":"journal/img/cover/FSYFH.jpg","id":"25","issnPpub":"1005-748X","publisherId":"FSYFH","title":"腐蚀与防护"},"keywords":[{"id":"4b620be5-51c6-45bb-8588-282ce4ce050b","keyword":"双螺杆
泵","originalKeyword":"双螺杆泵"},{"id":"cce6bb71-88a6-42f4-891f-10f421587400","keyword":"硫化氢","originalKeyword":"硫化氢"},{"id":"3d8ca1df-227f-4727-a9c6-e195f75c9f46","keyword":"腐蚀疲劳断裂","originalKeyword":"腐蚀疲劳断裂"}],"language":"zh","publisherId":"fsyfh201209028","title":"某双螺杆
泵泵轴断裂原因","volume":"33","year":"2012"},{"abstractinfo":"混铁
车保温改造效果评估是混铁
车保温改造过程中的重要环节之一.本文在大量实验的基础上,建立了混铁车运输过程及处理过程中铁水温降的半经验简化算法.经实验验证,该算法得出的混铁车改造前、后的铁水温降与实测值吻合,相对误差在0.7%以内.并用该算法对混铁
车的保温效果进行了评估,得出改造后铁水温降可缓解20 ℃以上.该算法对采用其它改进措施的铁水温降的预测也具有参考价值.","authors":[{"authorName":"荣军","id":"a6f91c93-54a3-4ca8-9db2-4c216259557e","originalAuthorName":"荣军"},{"authorName":"姜华","id":"bd304147-0197-416c-82e9-425e0371023f","originalAuthorName":"姜华"},{"authorName":"宋利明","id":"dea3ff67-7d58-4939-8123-1317a725e149","originalAuthorName":"宋利明"},{"authorName":"励军","id":"688cf06f-0af3-467b-a9c9-91b6b03cee97","originalAuthorName":"励军"}],"doi":"10.3969/j.issn.1671-6620.2006.02.003","fpage":"90","id":"272d94fa-8e93-4126-99db-e9b7cfaf49b1","issue":"2","journal":{"abbrevTitle":"CLYYJXB","coverImgSrc":"journal/img/cover/CLYYJXB.jpg","id":"17","issnPpub":"1671-6620","publisherId":"CLYYJXB","title":"材料与冶金学报"},"keywords":[{"id":"536285a9-e400-4222-b999-fe9129e2bf25","keyword":"混铁
车","originalKeyword":"混铁车"},{"id":"f0b98cce-ed93-4660-86b0-6d8005e6f544","keyword":"铁水保温","originalKeyword":"铁水保温"},{"id":"31874100-59b8-44c8-b4da-fd79c898ffe0","keyword":"铁水温降","originalKeyword":"铁水温降"},{"id":"e64c156d-dd51-415a-bc4e-ee15d5a4c4a2","keyword":"铁水输送","originalKeyword":"铁水输送"},{"id":"1ca78485-0fbf-4aed-b417-b81962b9e244","keyword":"算法","originalKeyword":"算法"}],"language":"zh","publisherId":"clyyjxb200602003","title":"宝钢混铁
车保温改造效果评估算法","volume":"5","year":"2006"},{"abstractinfo":"本文选取季铵盐类粘土稳定剂和其他两种传统抗泥组分,进行水泥净浆单组份试验和
混凝土正交试验,确定最佳抗泥配方.聚乙二醇,β-环糊精,二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵分别作为吸附组分,络合组分,粘土稳定组分,分别占胶凝材料0.05‰,0.025‰,0.075‰.本配方配制的抗泥
泵送剂与同成本
泵送剂相比,能显著降低
混凝土流动性损失,同时不影响
混凝土强度.","authors":[{"authorName":"何廷树","id":"218e91f9-704c-4a05-b71e-c13a8185844e","originalAuthorName":"何廷树"},{"authorName":"李扬","id":"5a954014-1029-4224-a572-5ba2993e0680","originalAuthorName":"李扬"},{"authorName":"徐一伦","id":"df2c01bc-9523-45fe-ac74-4c861500ee4f","originalAuthorName":"徐一伦"},{"authorName":"钱强","id":"05782f03-cb9a-46d3-bddd-0903188ec1c7","originalAuthorName":"钱强"},{"authorName":"何娟","id":"1b4a9d94-d298-492e-b752-b3a4ed52ef73","originalAuthorName":"何娟"},{"authorName":"史琛","id":"d946d36c-a217-4cf2-acd1-5e7d31c8c936","originalAuthorName":"史琛"}],"doi":"","fpage":"101","id":"43413f09-e313-48e7-b09a-a1d9de16f31b","issue":"1","journal":{"abbrevTitle":"GSYTB","coverImgSrc":"journal/img/cover/GSYTB.jpg","id":"36","issnPpub":"1001-1625","publisherId":"GSYTB","title":"硅酸盐通报 "},"keywords":[{"id":"87a6a2a6-3883-48ab-8785-f12fe910abf6","keyword":"抗泥剂","originalKeyword":"抗泥剂"},{"id":"daf33eb9-2258-4ab5-85b2-1ae551fd6ee1","keyword":"含泥量","originalKeyword":"含泥量"},{"id":"c13a6bff-6b50-4f32-b412-d641dfa1e230","keyword":"季铵盐类粘土稳定剂","originalKeyword":"季铵盐类粘土稳定剂"},{"id":"f24191d0-cfcd-4b41-b9f6-c605052c9707","keyword":"坍落度损失","originalKeyword":"坍落度损失"}],"language":"zh","publisherId":"gsytb201601019","title":"基于聚羧酸高效减水剂的抗泥
泵送剂的研究","volume":"35","year":"2016"}],"totalpage":301,"totalrecord":3010}
