采用固态离子交换法制备了一系列Fe/Al摩尔比为0.33的Fe/分子筛(ZSM-35,ZSM-5,beta和mordenite(丝光沸石))样品,并利用紫外-可见漫反射光谱、原位红外光谱和可见拉曼光谱以及瞬态应答实验考察了分子筛种类对N2O分解反应性能的影响.研究表明,经高温处理(HT)后分子筛的催化活性顺序为Fe/ZSM-35> Fe/beta> Fe/ZSM-5> Fe/mordenite,与骨架外铝稳定的双核铁物种含量一致.这说明双核铁物种是高温处理后Fe/分子筛样品中N2O分解的活性位,而它的形成与分子筛种类密切相关.Fe/ZSM-35分子筛十元环孔道中相邻两个α位和八元环孔道中相邻两个β位都能稳定两个Fe(Ⅱ)离子而形成能高效分解N2O的双核铁活性中心.Fe/beta和Fe/ZSM-5分子筛中只有落在相邻两个β位上的两个Fe(Ⅱ)离子才能形成参与N2O分解的高活性的双铁活性中心.Fe/mordenite-HT分子筛上的铁物种绝大部分以孤立Fe离子的形式存在,因此其催化N2O分解反应活性很低.
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