综述了燃油的氧化脱硫,包括一些具有吸引力的氧化脱硫方法,如H2O2/有机酸,H2O2/杂多酸,H2O2/含钛分子筛和其它非过氧化氢体系(如叔丁基过氧化物等).对本课题组开发的新型乳液催化氧化脱硫体系进行了详细的介绍.在乳液体系中,界面问的传质限制被大大降低.在温和条件下,双亲性乳液催化剂可以将柴油中的含硫化合物选择氧化成其相应的砜类化合物.氧化得到的砜可以使用极性萃取剂将其从油品中除去.经过氧化和萃取之后,加氢柴油中的硫含量可以从几百μg/g降低至0.1μg/g,而直馏柴油中的硫含量则可以从6000μg/g降低至30μ/g.
Several attractive approaches toward oxidative desulfurization of fuel oils, such as using H2O2/organic acids,H2O2/heteropolyacid, H2O/Ti-containing zeolites, and other non-hydrogen peroxide systems (e.g., t-butyl hydroperoxide etc.) are reviewed. A new alternative oxidative desulfurization process using emulsion catalysts was developed mainly by our group, is introduced in detail. Limitations because of interphase mass transfer are greatly reduced in the emulsion reaction medium. The amphiphilic emulsion catalysts can selectively oxidize the sulfur-containing molecules present in diesel to their corresponding sulfones when using H2O2 as the oxidant under mild conditions. The sulfones in the oxidized fuel oils can be removed by a polar extractant. The sulfur level of a prehydrotreated diesel can be lowered from a few hundred ug/g to 0.1 ug/g after oxidation and subsequent extraction whereas the sulfur level of a straight-run diesel can be decreased from 6000 to 30 ug/g after oxidation and extraction.
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