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采用浸渍法制备了Al2O3负载的5种过渡金属氧化物催化剂,考察了它们在常温下催化臭氧氧化甲苯的性能,并运用程序升温还原、程序升温氧化、N2吸附-脱附和X射线光电子能谱对催化剂进行了表征.结果表明,NiO/Al2O3,CoO/Al2O3和MnO2/Al2O3催化剂上活性氧中心数量较少,臭氧与甲苯转化率较高;而Fe2O3/Al2O3和CuO/Al2O3催化剂上则相反.催化降解臭氧效率较高的催化剂上甲苯转化率也较高,在本文实验条件下,CO2产率低于30%.当甲苯浓度为666 mg/m3,O3浓度从193mg/m3提高至965mg/m3时,甲苯转化率从15.2%提高至46.7%,并且使反应后催化剂表面产物和晶格氧含量增加.原位漫反射红外光谱研究发现,反应过程中生成了含COO-,C=O和C-O官能团的物质,O3浓度的提高加速了COO-向C=O与C-O的转化,前者在573KO2气氛下几乎不发生反应,而后者在373K开始分解.基于此,提出了常温下臭氧催化氧化甲苯的反应机理.

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