受压岩土的破坏模式是一种复杂的现象，迄今为止还没有一个通用的标准力学模型来解释它。但是，大量岩土试验表明受压岩土的破坏模式可以分为8类。在本研究中，首先分析了受压岩土内部的内张应力以及内部能量的耗散和转化，然后引进有效能转化系数，建立了受压岩土的拉张破坏准则。结合Mohr?Coulomb剪切破坏准则，建立了受压岩土的拉张?剪切破坏准则。由此建立了受压岩土破坏模式的力学判据模型，该模型可以很好地解释已有文献和本研究中受压岩土的破坏模式以及如崩塌等自然现象。
The failure modes of rock and soil under compression are complex phenomena that have not been explained in a mechanical perspective. However, large amounts of studies indicate that the failure modes of rock and soil samples can be categorized into eight types. In this work, the inner tensile stress and the dissipation and conversion of energy of rock and soil under compression are analyzed, then the effective conversion coefficient of energy is deduced, thus the tensile failure criterion of rock and soil under compression is established. Combined with the shear strength criterion of Mohr–Coulomb, a tensile joint shear strength criterion for rock and soil under compression is built. Therefore, a mechanical criterion model concerning the failure modes of rock and soil under compression is established and verified by tests. This model easily explains the test results in the existing literature and many natural phenomena, such as collapse.
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