采用电导率测量、硬度测试、X射线衍射分析、场发射扫描电镜观察和能谱分析方法，研究直流电对7B04铝合金在380~465°C均匀化2 h后的硬度和第二相形貌演化的影响。结果表明，当温度从380°C升高至465°C时，无电流均匀化试样的电导率由34.9% IACS降低至28.7% IACS，硬度由HV 96增加至HV 146，第二相的面积分数由4.5%减小至1.89%。在相同温度下，经直流电均匀化的试样具有较高的硬度、较低的电导率和较小的第二相面积分数。直流电通过促进溶质原子扩散能力和空位的可动性使均匀化效果增强。
The effects of the direct current (DC) on the evolutions of hardness and morphology of the secondary phases in 7B04 aluminum alloy homogenized at 380?465 °C for 2 h were investigated in detail by electric conductivity measurement, hardness test, X-ray diffraction analysis, field emission scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectrometry. The results show that with increasing temperature from 380 to 465 °C, the electric conductivity of normal homogenized sample decreases from 34.9%IACS to 28.7%IACS, the hardness increases from HV 96 to HV 146, and the area fraction of secondary phase reduces from 4.5% to 1.89%. While, DC homogenized sample has a higher hardness, a lower electric conductivity and a smaller area fraction of secondary phases at the same temperature. The DC enhances the homogenization process by promoting the diffusibility of the solute atoms and the mobility of vacancy.
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