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In this study, the focused ion beam (FIB) milling method is applied to fabricate sub-micron grating on TiNi shape memory alloy materials. With self-made FIB milling gratings, scanning electron microscope (SEM) micro-moire and digital moire methods are successfully used to measure large deformation of porous TiNi shape memory alloys (SMA) in uni-axial compressive tests. The principles of the SEM micro-moire method and digital moire method are introduced, and applied to calculate large strain. The full field deformation around shear bands can be measured precisely. During the investigation, the phenomenon of furcated moire fringes was found, and a corresponding explanation is given in this paper. The furcated fringes are generated in the locations of combined shear bands where sudden changes of strain occur. Successful results also verify that the FIB milling gratings are suitable for micro-moire measurement and can generate high quality moire fringes. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.