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The corrosion behaviors of A3 steels in eutrophic freshwater were investigated by immersion experiments and electrochemical measurements. Results of immersion experiments in eutrophic freshwater and pollution-free water showed that the dissolved oxygen (DO) content in water is a key factor in determining the corrosion rate of A3 steels. Because DO in eutrophic freshwater was lower than in pollution-free one, the corrosion rate of A3 steels was also lower. Moreover, electrochemical measurements in simulated freshwater showed that phosphoric compounds had an inhibiting influence on the corrosion of A3 steels, while nitric compounds had little inhibiting effect.